Level 1
which division of the peripheral nervous system only innervates the gastrointestinal tracts wall?
Enteric nervous system
the motor portion of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into?
sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
which organelle is a common site of protein synthesis in neurons?
Nissl Body
with respect to neurons, the term " nerve fiber" refers to what structure?
axon and dendrite
after birth schwanncells
increase their presence and amount of myelination in the peripheral nervous system
The nervous system can distinguish between a light touch and a heavier touch because
the frequency of impulses sent to sensory centers is changing.
These statements describe what part of an action potential?
Relative refractory period
when a graded potential summates to threshold at the axon hillock
voltage-gated Na+ channels open rapidly.
Faster communication and synchronization are two advantages of
electrical synapses
An excitatory neurotransmitter _____ the postsynaptic membrane.
depolarizes
Diffusion, enzymatic degradation, and uptake by cells are all ways to
remove a neurotransmitter
A postsynaptic neuron responds to acetylcholine neurotransmitter by creating
either EPSP or IPSP
This type of neural circuit consists of a single presynaptic neuron synapsing with several postsynaptic neurons.
Diverging circuit
Plasticity means the ability to
change based on experience.
Which of the neurons is located deep in the dermis or hypodermis and detect deep pressure?
pacinian Corpuscle
Autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by
1. increasing activities in effector tissue. 2. decreasing activities in effector tissue. 3. allowing bidirectional conduction across synapses.
1 and 2
A postganglionic neuron in the ANS
releases neurotransmitter that binds to the effector cell.
Which neurons would normally have the shortest axons?
Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and Postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
Which structure is dually innervated?
stomach
Which parasympathetic terminal ganglion is associated with the parotid salivary gland?
Otic ganglion
The largest autonomic plexus is called the
celiac plexus.
Which autonomic plexuses serve the large intestine?
Inferior mesenteric plexus and Superior mesenteric plexus
The two main neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system are
norepinephrine and acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine is always released by _____ postganglionic neurons and is removed from the synaptic cleft at a _____ rate than norepinephrine.
parasympathetic; faster
Cholinergic receptors include
nicotinic and muscarinic receptors