Neurons
What is a neuron?
a cell that carries nerve impulses
What are the two branches of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
What is the gap between neurons called?
Synapse
what are the four major regions of the brain
What percentage of the Nervous system is neuroglia
90%
What two organs are in the Central Nervous System?
Brain and Spinal Cord
What sends messages between neurons in a synapse?
neurotransmitters
What is the cerebellum known for
Muscle memory
Which two types of neuroglial cells are in the PNS?
Satellite Cells and Schwann Cells
What are the involuntary functions such as breathing or hearbeat called?
Autonomic responses
What are the three layers of the meninges from brain to skull?
Pia mater, arachnoid layer, dura mater
Which lobe of the brain is responsible for critical thinking and decision making
Frontal lobe
Which type of neuroglial cells fight infection
microglial cells
What are the three layers of the cerebrum from top to bottom?
Cerebral cortex, Cerebral medulla, Basal ganglia
What are the five steps of a reflex arc?
Sensory receptor, Sensory neuron, CNS Integration, Motor Neuron, Effector Organ
Which branch of the diencephalon is a bridge between the sensory organs and the appropriate parts of the cerebrum?
Thalamus
Which type of neuroglial cells secretes and circulates cerebrospinal fluid?
endodymal cells
What is the travel path of a nerve impulse on a neuron?
starts in the dendrites, continues to cell nucleus, moves down to axons
What are other names for sensory neurons and for motor neurons?
sensory - afferent
motor - efferent
What are the four periods of a nerve impulse transmission
resting period, depolarization, repolarization, refractory period
what are the functions of the brain stem?
basic life functions such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure
Which two types of neuroglial cells wrap the axons of neurons, and what part of the nervous system are each in
oligodendrocytes - CNS
Schwann Cells - PNS