Functions and parts of a neuron
What is included in the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
What does COPS stand for?
CNS, Oligodendrocytes, PNS, Schwann Cells
What are the two ions involved in action potential? (Include their charges)
K+ and Na+
Pons means what in Latin?
bridge
List the 4 lobes of the brain
Frontal, Occipital, Parietal, Temporal
____________ is the long part of the neuron that transmits the nerve impulse.
The axon
What is multiple sclerosis?
autoimmune disorder where one's own body demyelinates its axons.
_______ mV is the voltage of the threshold for an action potential.
-55 mV
What is one function of the cerebrum?
language, emotions, movement, speech, intelligence
What gland secretes melatonin?
pineal gland
____________ is the receiving part of the neuron that looks like tree branches or corals.
Dendrites
At what age is your brain mostly myelinated?
2 years old
Within a cell membrane, is there more potassium or sodium?
Which part of the brain is involved primarily in muscle control, including balance and movement?
Cerebellum
Which lobe of the brain is involved with vision?
Occipital
Give an example of a sensory receptor and its function
photoreceptor- detect light in the eye
touch receptors in the skin
pain receptors
baroreceptors- detect blood pressure
What is the difference between gray and white matter?
Gray - cell bodies
White- myelinated axons
In repolarization, which ion flows out of the cell?
potassium
List the 4 major parts of the brain.
1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon
3. Cerebellum
4. Brainstem
This part of the brain controls respiration, heartbeats, and diameter of blood vessels.
Medulla oblongata
What is the difference between an efferent, interneuron, and afferent neuron.
Afferent- impulses are sent to the CNS
Interneurons- located in the CNS and process info
Efferent neurons- impulses are sent to effectors (muscles of glands)
What is saltatory conduction?
Jumping of an electrical impulse from one node to another. This phenomena makes impulses travel faster.
List the 4 steps of action potential in order.
1. RMP
2. Depolarization
3. Repolarization
4. Hyperpolarization
What part of the brain determines circadian rhythms?
hypothalamus
This part of the brain is involved in sensory relay and consciousness.
Thalamus