Basic Functions of Brain Structures
Integration of sensorimotor functions and perceptions as well as higher functions such as cognition, language, and memory.
What is the cerebrum?
Mediates auditory and visual reflexes, and maintains cortical arousal.
What is the midbrain?
Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, and Temporal lobe.
What are the different brain lobes?
Detects the stimulus and transmits nerve impulses to the brain for decision-making.
What does the receptor do?
Taste of the anterior ⅔ of the tongue.
What is the facial (CN VII)?
Regulates motivational and emotional stress.
What is the limbic system?
Houses the cranial nerve nuclei.
What are the pons and midbrain?
Separated by the longitudinal fissure.
What separates the two brain hemispheres?
Carries the impulse from the receptor to the central nervous system, also known as the afferent neuron.
What does the sensory neuron do?
Hearing and balance.
What is the vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)?
Mediates sensation to the cerebral cortex.
What is the thalamus?
Regulates respiration, heartbeat, phonation, and blood pressure.
What is the medulla?
It plays a central role in the planning and organization of motor behavior required in speech production.
What is Broca’s area?
Carries the impulse from the CNS to the effector organ for a response, also known as the efferent neuron.
What does the motor neuron do?
Larynx muscles, pharynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax, and abdomen.
What is the vagus (CN X)?
Regulates body functions such as emotion, sexual response, satiation, and temperature.
What is the hypothalamus?
Associated with cranial nerves II through XII.
What is the brainstem?
Brain region associated with speech and language comprehension.
What is Wernicke’s area?
Any change in the environment detected by a receptor can be internal or external.
What is a stimulus?
Reflexes such as swallow and gag.
What is the glossopharyngeal (CN IX)?
Regulates coordination of skilled movements.
What is the cerebellum?
Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.
What are the three divisions of the brainstem?
Responds to touch and pain stimuli from all body locations.
What is the primary somatosensory cortex?
Synapses with a motor neuron and communicate between the CNS, sensory neurons, and motor neurons, also known as the relay neuron.
What does the interneuron do?
Sense of touch on the face and or muscles of chewing.
What is the trigeminal (V)?