CNS
This part of the brain is divided into left and right hemispheres, each controlling opposite sides of the body.
What is the cerebrum?
The PNS consists mainly of these two types of structures that extend from the brain and spinal cord.
What are nerves and ganglia?
The three main parts of a neuron are the cell body, dendrites, and this long projection.
What is the axon?
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for this type of response.
What is “fight or flight”?
This disorder involves autoimmune demyelination of peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.
What is Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
This brain region, located between the brainstem and cerebrum, includes the thalamus and hypothalamus.
What is the diencephalon?
These clusters of neuron cell bodies are found outside the central nervous system.
What are ganglia?
This process allows damaged peripheral nerves to regrow under certain conditions.
What is regeneration?
The parasympathetic nervous system promotes this type of response.
What is “rest and digest”?
This condition occurs when part of an intervertebral disc pushes into the spinal canal and compresses nerves.
What is a herniated disk?
This lower part of the brain connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate.
What is the brainstem?
This division of the PNS controls voluntary muscle movements.
What is the somatic nervous system?
These chemicals transmit signals across synapses between neurons.
What are neurotransmitters?
The main neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system.
What is norepinephrine?
General term for damage or disease affecting peripheral nerves.
What are peripheral neuropathies?
This structure at the back of the brain coordinates voluntary movements, posture, and balance.
What is the cerebellum?
This type of nerve carries both sensory and motor information.
What is a mixed nerve?
This neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure, reward, and motivation.
What is Dopamine?
The main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system.
What is acetylcholine?
Nerve regeneration is limited in this part of the nervous system.
What is the central nervous system?
The spinal cord is protected by these bony structures.
What are the vertebrae?
Damage to these structures can cause sensory loss or motor weakness in specific regions of the body.
What are peripheral nerves?
This neurotransmitter is derived from the amino acid tryptophan and affects mood, sleep, and appetite.
What is serotonin?
This hormone, also known as adrenaline, is released by the adrenal medulla during stress.
What is epinephrine?
In GBS, this insulating layer of peripheral nerves is primarily attacked by the immune system.
What is the myelin sheath?