Nervous system
Specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses; consist of a cell body, dendrites, and axon.
What are Neurons?
The neuroglial cell responsible for protecting neurons through immune responses
What is microglia
Major ions involved in resting potential:
What are Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Chloride (Cl-)?
The brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing sensory information and coordinating responses.
What are parts of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The space between the dendrites of one neuron and the axon terminals of another.
What is a Synaptic Cleft?
Supportive cells in the nervous system that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons.
What are Glial Cells?
The type of neuroglial cells that secrete and circulate cerobrospinal fluid
what are ependymal cells
Major regions of the brain
What is cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon and brain stem?
Includes all nerves outside the CNS, responsible for transmitting sensory information to the CNS and carrying out motor commands.
What are Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Part of neuron that transmits signals away from the soma to other neurons or muscles.
What is Axon?
The two types of neuroglial cells responsible for anchoring neurons, and the system where each is found
What are astrocytes (CNS) and satellite cells (PNS)
The process during an action potential where sodium ions enter the neuron, making the inside more positive
What is Neuron Depolarization?
Components of the autonomic nervous system
What are Sympathetic and Parasympathetic?
A rapid change in electrical charge across a neuron's membrane that allows for the transmission of signals along the axon.
What is Action potential?
The body of the neuron containing the nucleus.
What is Soma?
The junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.
What is Synapse?
The state of a neuron when it is not transmitting a signal, typically around -70 mV.
What is Neuron resting potential?
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system
Increases heart rate and breathing rate; inhibits digestive processes (fight or flight response).
Chemical messengers released from neurons that transmit signals across synapses to other neurons.
What are Neurotransmitters?
Branch-like structures that receive signals.
What are Dendrites?
the three layers of the brain with nicknames
What is the cerebral cortex (grey matter) cerebral medulla (white matter) and basal ganglia?
The spaces in the myelin sheath around axons, which speeds up signal transmission
What is the Nodes of Ranvier?
Decreases heart rate and promotes digestion (rest and digest response).
What is Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system?
the layers of the meninges of the brain from superior to deep
What are the dura mater, the arachnoid layer and the pia mater?
Insulating layer around the axon made by Schwann cells.
What is Myelin Sheath?