Antidepressants
Name 3 drug classes and their corresponding drugs associated with Antidepressants
MAOIs (phenelzine, Nardil)
SSRIs (fluoxetine Prozac, sertraline Zoloft)
NDRIs (bupropion, Wellbutrin/Zyban)
Name the 3 antipsychotic drugs
haloperidol (Haldol)
clozapine (Clozaril)
lithium carbonate (Lithobid)
Name the 5 drugs associated with seizure treatment
Benzodiazepines (diazepam, Valium)
Hydantoins (phenytoin, Dilantin)
Barbituates (phenobarbital, Luminal; Ancalixir)
Anticonvulsant (valproic acid, Depakote, Depakene)
Iminostilbenes (carbamazepine, Tegretol)
Name the 3 drugs associated with muscle spasms.
Dopamine Receptor Agonists (carbidopa/levodopa, Sinemet)
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants (baclofen, Lioresal)
dantrolene (Dantrium)
Name the two drugs used for pain.
NSAIDS (ibuprofen, Advil/Motrin; naproxen, Aleve) 1st line of treatment for minor-moderate pain due to muscle overexertion
Narcotic/Opioid Analgesic (morphine) severe pain
What drug is the first line of treatment for depression and why?
SSRIs
They allow serotonin to stay in the brain
Which drug is a mood stabilizer and treats Bipolar Disorder?
lithium carbonate (Lithobid)
What is the first line for acute seizures?
Benzodiazepines (diazepam, Valium)
Which drug is associated with Parkinson's Disease and what should you avoid while on it?
carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet)
avoid MAOIs, high protein foods (decreased absorption), and multivitamins
What drug treats migraines and what should you educate the patient about?
Triptans (sumatriptan, Imitrex)
Avoid other vasoconstrictors such as Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Educate client to take during a migraine attack
What do you avoid when taking MAOIs?
Foods containing tyramine
How long until improved mood with Lithobid?
7-21 days
What are side effects of carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
bone marrow depression, Steven-Johnsons Syndrome
monitor for increased bruising and weakness due to low hemoglobin
Client Education for baclofen (Lioresal)
Fall precautions with any skeletal muscle relaxant
What drug do you have to sedate your patient before administering and why?
succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin)
causes flaccid and respiratory paralysis
Typically not too serious or common
sexual dysfunction/ decreased libido
What are side effects of Haldol?
A LOT
blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, seizures
What do you have to monitor with phenytoin?
drug level (10-20 mcg/mL)
drug toxicity (>20 mcg/mL)
*narrow range*
What do you monitor while on dantrolene (Dantrium)
monitor AST and ALT
pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
mimics the action of acetylcholine
important to determine when the client last took dose to evaluate whether the client is at an increased risk for an ineffective cough and swallow reflex
What is the action of NDRIs and what should the nurse be sure to do?
Auscultate heart sounds
What levels do you need to monitor in Lithobid?
Lithium Toxicity (0.6-1.2 mEq/L)
Sodium intake in diet (135-145 mEq/L)
How do Barbiturates (phenobarbital, Luminal; Ancalixir) work, what are their indications, and what do you warn a patient of?
Increasing GABA that calms down the excitability in the brain
long-term treatment of tonic-clonic seizures
Pregnancy Class D
How does Sinemet work?
increases dopamine to minimize tremors and rigidity
What drug treats narcotic depression or opioid overdose?
naloxone (Narcan)