Anatomy & Physiology of the Brain
Nervous System Organization
On my Nerves
Reflexes and Responses
Lights, Camera, Action (Potential)
200
Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
Cerebellum
200
Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?
Sympathetic nervous system
200
What is the junction between two neurons called?
A Synapse
200
Which neurons would have Long dendrites and Short axons?
Sensory Neurons
200
What three ions do neurons have voltage-gated channel proteins for?
Sodium, Potassium, Calcium
200
Which part of the brain is responsible for involuntary functions such as heart rate and breathing?
Medulla Oblongata
200
Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for the "rest and digest" response?
Parasympathetic nervous system
200
Which part of the neuron would conduct an impulse towards the cell body?
The Dendrite
200
Which neurons would have short dendrites and long axons?
Motor Neurons
200
Repolarization of the neuron is caused by ________ flowing ____ of the neuron.
Potassium flowing out of the neuron
300
What is the anatomical difference between white and grey matter?
White Matter has myelination
300
Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary functions, and which branch is responsible for involuntary functions?
Somatic Nervous System - Voluntary
Autonomic Nervous System - Involuntary
300
In what part of the neuron would you find Neurotransmitters?
Axon Terminals
300
Where would you find cell bodies of sensory neurons?
Dorsal Root Ganglia
300
Depolarization of the neuron is caused by _________ flowing in and causing voltage to increase to ___mV
Sodium,
-55mV
300
Which part of the brain is responsible for receiving input and then sending it to the correct regions of the brain?
Thalamus
300
What branch of the nervous system makes up Grey Matter and what branch makes up White Matter?
Grey - Central
White - Peripheral
300
Which type of Neuron has their cell body outside of the central nervous system?
Sensory Neuron
300
Neurons in the Peripheral Nervous System transmit faster nerve impulses than Central Nervous System. Why?
Myelinated axons/dendrites
300
At resting state, the inside of the neuron is ________ charged, and has a high concentration of _________.
The outside of the neuron is ________ charged, and has a high concentration of _________.
Negative/K
Positive/Na
500
Label all parts of the brain.
A - Corpus Callosum
B - Thalamus
C - Hypothalamus
D - Pituitary Gland
E - Medulla Oblongata
F - Cerebellum
500
Label the organizational branches of the Nervous System
500
The Myelin Sheath is created by what cell?
The gaps between the myelin is called what?
Schwann Cell
Nodes of Ranvier
500
Briefly Describe the FIVE steps of the reflex arc:
1. Receptor detects stimulus
2. Impulse generated in the dendrites of sensory neurons, sent down the axon.
3. Impulse reaches interneuron. Impulse is split, sent to motor neuron and brain
4. Impulse travels down motor neuron
5. Impulse reaches effector to generate a response to the stimulus
500
What stage of the Nerve Impulse would a lot of ATP be used?
Resting State or Refractory Period
(When the Sodium/Potassium Pump is ON)