Nervous System
The primary cell that builds all the structures of the nervous system
Name all structures of the entire nervous sytem
Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves
What are the chemical messengers used in the endocrine system?
hormones
What system is the brain part of?
Central nervous system
Name FOUR Functional parts of a neuron
1- cell body (soma) 2- dendrites 3- axon 4- myelin sheaths 5- axon terminals 6- nodes of ranvier
The central nervous system is made of these organs
Brain and spinal cord
what does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
Glands
What part of the brain is responsible for forming memories?
Hippocampus
What are the 3 types of neurons?
Motor, sensory and relay neurons
what does PNS stand for?
peripheral nervous system
What does the Somatic divison of the nervous system conrol?
Voluntary movement of the body
Name at least 3 glands
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and ovaries (in females) or testes (in males)
What are the 3 sections of the brain?
The cerebellum, cerebrum and the brain stem
What purpose is the purpose of the Myelin Sheath on an axon?
to speed up nerve impulses
What structure functions like a highway and transmits nerve impulses from the body to the brain and from the brain to the body?
The spinal cord
What cell sends messages between two neurons?
Neurotransmitters
What are TWO differences between the endocrine system and the nervous system?
Endocrine System
Uses hormones as chemical messengers.
Messages travel through the bloodstream.
Generally slower to respond (seconds to hours to days).
Effects are usually longer-lasting.
Controls long-term processes like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis.
Signals can affect many organs or cells at once.
Involves glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, etc.
Nervous System
Uses electrical impulses and neurotransmitters.
Messages travel along neurons (nerve cells).
Very fast response (milliseconds).
Effects are usually short-lived.
Controls quick, immediate actions like muscle movement and reflexes.
Signals are often targeted to specific cells or tissues.
Involves the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Name all of the lobes of the brain
Parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital,
Name the tiiiiiiny empty space between dendrites of one neuron and axon terminals of the connecting neuron
Synapse
Two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System--and the function of each
Sympathetic "Fight of Flight" Parasympathetic Division- "rest and digest"
Name TWO disease associated with the nervous system
Alzheimer’s disease – progressive brain disorder causing memory loss and confusion.
Parkinson’s disease – affects movement due to loss of dopamine-producing brain cells.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) – immune system attacks the protective covering of nerves.
Motor neuron disease (MND)
Which gland controls growth and development?
Pituitary gland.
What is the name of the folds of the brain?
Gyri
An action potential travels along this structure until it reaches the axon terminal
the Axon