Nervous System
The primary cell that builds all the structures of the nervous system
Name the three structures of the entire nervous system
Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves
What is the Peripheral Nervous System made up of?
All the nerves and nerve networks outside of the brain and spinal cord
What is the purpose of the nervous system?
Sends messages from the brain to the body (to respond to external stimuli and for coordination)
Low levels of dopamine can lead to what? (provide two symptoms)
Fatigue, hallucinations and delusions, inability to focus, low energy, muscle cramps and spasms, mood swings, anxious feelings
What does PNS stand for?
Peripheral Nervous System
What does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
When a fly lands on someone's face, what type of neuron recognises the stimuli?
Sensory neuron
Name the tiny empty space between dendrites of one neuron and axon terminals of the connecting neuron
Synapse
In which direction do nerve impulses travel in a neuron?
From the dendrites to the axon terminal
When MDMA is taken, which two neurotransmitters are released in large amounts?
Dopamine and seratonin
Name any FOUR parts of a neuron
1- Dendrites 2- Nucleus 3- Cell body 4- Axon 5- Myelin Sheath 6- Axon terminal
What structure functions like a highway and transmits nerve impulses from the body to the brain and from the brain to the body?
The spinal cord
Where are interneurons found?
When nerve impulses travel from one neuron to the next, where do they travel from and to?
Axon terminal to dendrites
The central nervous system is made of these organs
Brain and spinal cord
Dopamine and serotonin are types of ________
Neurotransmitters
What are the 3 types of neurons?
Sensory neuron, Interneuron and Motor neuron
What is the purpose of the Myelin Sheath on an axon?
To speed up nerve impulses
What is an example of a response initiated by the motor neuron when you touch something hot?
Muscle in the arm contracts to pull your hand away
An electrical impulse travels along this structure until it reaches the axon terminal
the Axon
If a person regularly takes MDMA, what happens in the long term?
The brain stops producing dopamine on its own and becomes reliant on the MDMA to produce dopamine (which leads to addiction)
What are the TWO ways that MDMA can act on neurons?
Block receptors and increase the amount of serotonin and dopamine that is released
What do motor neurons do?
Causes a response to stimuli
A ball is coming towards your face. Describe the response you would have, using the names of the three types of neurons
Sensory neurons in your eyes detect the approaching ball, transmitting this information to the central nervous system. Interneurons then relay this signal to motor neurons, which in turn activate muscles in your face and neck to move your head and body out of the way.