Glial Cells
Which cells provide CNS cells with metabolic support, and helps form BBB
What are astrocytes?
Lobe that contains the primary visual cortex
What is the occipital?
Which lobe contains the primary auditory cortex?
What is the temporal?
What is the charge on the INSIDE of a neuron when it is at rest?
What is NEGATIVE?
Which part of a neuron receives signals from other neurons?
What are dendrites?
motor only - shrugs shoulders and moves head
accessory nerve (II - 11)
A small cells in CNS that remove germs and debris
What are microglia?
Which term means 'fold' or 'ridge' in the brain, and which term means 'crevice'?
What are gyri and sulci?
this stalk connects the brain to a very important gland that controls hormone production
infundibulum
What is the ion that enters a neuron to cause depolarization?
Sodium
Which type of neuron brings information from the Brain to the Peripheral Nervous System. Use 2 words describe this type of neuron
Motor Neuron, Efferent
BOTH sensory and motor -- affects swallowing, coughing, heart rate, digestion, breathing
vagus nerve (X - 10)
forms myelin sheath around PNS axons
schwann cell
These are the three parts to the brain stem.
What are the midbrain, pons, and the medulla oblongata ?
This gland hangs from the hypothalamus and responsible for growth.
What is the pituitary gland?
Stage of an action potential that occurs when potassium leaves a neuron.
What is repolarization?
Type of neuron found in the brain and spinal cord.
Interneuron
BOTH sensory and motor, swallowing, taste, monitors blood pressure in throat
glossopharyngeal nerve (IX - 9)
Helps form CSF fluid, contains cilia to help with CSF flow
ependymal cells
Melatonin - Controls sleep wake cycle
Damage to this structure may result in a loss of muscle coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
Protein that resets the neuron back to resting potential after hyperpolarization
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Spaces or gaps in the myelin sheath along an axon of a neuron in the PNS
Nodes of Ranvier
BOTH sensory and motor - Controls facial expressions, taste, salivation, tears (lacrimal gland)
Facial nerve (VII - 7)
forms myelin sheath around CNS neurons
oligodendrocytes
This part of the brain stem controls heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing and vomiting.
What is the medulla oblongata?
Having a stroke in this area may lead to difficulty speaking (enunciation of words)
What is Broca's area?
What causes hyperpolarization at end of an action potential, in terms of ion channels?
Voltage-gated K+ channels stay open (they are slow to close)
Where is the primary motor cortex located (give the lobe and specific region)
Frontal, pre-central gyrus
Allows movement of eyes down and towards midline (adduction, crossing eyes)
Trochlear nerve (IV-4)