Axon Anatomy
This structure contains the nucleus and other cell organelles
What is the cell body?
This neurotransmitter is the contributor to well being and happiness and regulates sleep cycle. Low levels of this neurotransmitter have been linked to depression.
What is serotonin?
This is the junction between two communicating neurons
What is the synapse?
This is the change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle or nerve cell
What is action potential?
These organs don't directly contribute to the sense of sight or vision but plays a role in the overall health and functionality of the eye
What are visual accessory organs?
These structures are located at the top of the cell which is to receive the information being passed onto it
What are the dendrites?
This neurotransmitter is associated with pain relief and feelings of pleasure, and is considered natural "opiates"; gives feelings of euphoria
What are endorphins?
This is the act of 2 or more neurons communicating with each other
What is neurotransmission?
At rest there is more potassium inside the cell membrane than sodium, and the inside is charged with a charge of (blank) millivolts (mV)
What it -70 mV?
This term means that it no longer has a function to our body. The ability to move our ears is an example
What is a vestigial trait?
This structure acts an insulator for the cell
What is the myelin sheath?
This neurotransmitter gives a physical boost and heightened awareness; increases heart rate, contracts blood vessels and dilates airways
What is adrenaline?
This is the cell that sends out the information to be received
What is the presynaptic neuron
This pump is responsible for maintaining the large excess of Na+(sodium) outside the cell and the large excess of K+(potassium) ions inside the cell
What is the Sodium Potassium Pump?
The human ear can only hear up to (blank) hertz
What it 20,000 hertz?
This structure acts as the wire that electricity passes through
What is the axon?
This neurotransmitter is the principle neurotransmitter involved in thought, learning, memory and activating muscle action
What is Acetylcholine?
This is the cell that receives the information given
What is the postsynaptic neuron?
Whenever a cell reaches the peak of (blank) mV, it needs to maintain its equilibrium so it repolarizes
What it 40 mV?
These are the three bones in the ear (malleus, stapes, incus) which transmits vibrations and amplifies signals
What are the auditory ossicles?
These structures are the gaps between the myelin sheath
What are the nodes of ranvier?
This is neurotransmitter is an inhibitory transmitter; calms firing nerves in the CNS and increases levels in mental focus ad relaxation
What is GABA?
This is the channel that releases the neurotransmitter into the vesicle that protects it from the outside environment and into the specific receptor it goes to
What is the calcium ion channel?
AKA the refractory period; when the repolarization will briefly go to far and become more negative causing all the ion channels to close preventing the cell from responding to new stimuli.
What is hyperpolarization?
This sense is more perceptual than conceptual meaning you would remember the sensation of a memory rather than a bunch of details about that memory
What is the sense of smell?