Trade Routes
What environmental factor made Indian Ocean trade predictable and efficient?
What are the monsoon winds?
Who united the Mongol tribes under one empire?
Who is Genghis Khan (Temüjin)?
What navigation tool from China showed direction even when the sky was cloudy?
What is the magnetic compass?
What religion spread across East Africa through merchant activity?
What is Islam?
What trade route remained vital for silk and luxury goods during the Mongol era?
What are the Silk Roads?
Which North African trade route connected gold from West Africa with salt from the Sahara?
What is the Trans-Saharan trade route?
Which ruler’s pilgrimage to Mecca displayed West Africa’s immense wealth?
Who is Mansa Musa?
What device helped sailors measure latitude by using the position of stars?
What is the astrolabe?
What cultural blending occurred on the East African coast as a result of Arab and African interaction?
What is Swahili culture?
What continued to connect Africa, Asia, and Europe despite the fall of classical empires?
What is long-distance trade?
Which city in East Africa became a major Indian Ocean trading hub due to its control of inland gold?
What is Swahili City-States?
Which empire controlled trade routes and gold fields in West Africa during the 13th–14th centuries?
What is the Mali Empire?
What type of ship did Arab merchants use in the Indian Ocean, recognizable by its triangular sails?
What is a dhow or a junk?
Which Mongol practice encouraged religious tolerance across their empire?
What is religious tolerance?
What was one major change the Mongols brought to Eurasia?
What is increased trade and communication between regions?
What was one key good traded north from West Africa to the Mediterranean world?
What is gold (or ivory, or slaves)?
What was the name of the Mongol peace that secured trade routes across Eurasia?
What is the Pax Mongolica?
What business practice allowed merchants to trade without carrying gold, reducing risk?
What are letters of credit (or bills of exchange)?
What was one way Chinese culture influenced Japan and Korea during the post-classical era?
What is the adoption of Confucian bureaucracy, writing systems, or Buddhist practices?
What continuity existed in the Indian Ocean trade even as empires rose and fell?
What is the use of monsoon wind patterns?
What innovation allowed large camel caravans to cross the Sahara successfully?
What is the camel saddle?
Which empire in the Indian Ocean region used control of the Strait of Malacca to tax passing ships and become a dominant maritime power?
What is the Sultanate of Malacca?
Which innovation first adopted by the Chinese Song dynasty allowed merchants to avoid carrying coins on long-distance trade routes?
What is paper money?
Which Central Asian group acted as cultural and technological intermediaries by connecting Islamic, Chinese, and European scholars during the 13th and 14th centuries?
Who are the Mongols (or Mongol administrators/scholars under the Pax Mongolica)?
What change occurred in West Africa as a result of Islamic influence?
What is the growth of literacy, education, and new architecture?