Neuro 1

Diagnose me

100

Worst headache ever

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

200

contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion. Ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration

Spinal cord lesion  

Brown sequard syndrome 

300

buzzwords include Partial ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis, pancoast tumor, carotid artery 

horner's syndrome 

400

a medical emergency that is typically found in someone who has had a high spinal cord injury (at or above T6), bladder distension, sympathetic below injury, parasympathetic above injury

Autonomic Dysreflexia

500

bilateral loss of pain and temperature at the spinal cord levels that are impinged. Characteristic cape-like distribution of sensory loss

Central cord syndrome (Syringomyelia)

does it make SENSE

100

This sense does NOT travel through the thalamus 

smell 

200

This gives us taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue 

facial nerve (chorda tympani) 

300

a lesion to the BLANK leads to bitemporal hemianopia 

optic chiasm

400

Meyer's loop carries information from this 

superior visual field 

500

LGN layers 1-2 are this and do this. LGN layers 3-6 are this and do this. 

LGN fiber patterns: layers 1 and 2 = magnocellular layers (relay motion and spatial information) layers 3 to 6 = parvocellular layers (relay detailed form and color) 

anatomy and dermatomes

100

This is made up of the thalamus and hypothalamus

diencephalon 

200

The paired vertebral arteries join the form this along the ventromedial surface of the pons

basilar artery 

300

Name the dermatome "The thumb and lateral forearm"

 C6

400

Name the dermatome "The little finger"

C8

500

Name the dermatome "the big toe"

L4 and L5

Tracts

100

This tract carries pain and temperature information. This tract initiates voluntary motor movements of the trunk and limb. This tract carries fine-touch, vibration, and proprioceptive info from the body

spinothalamic, corticospinal, DC-ML

200

Name where the corticospinal tract decussate and then where the UMN synapses with the LMN

decussates at medulla, synapses in ventral horn 

300

In the DC-ML pathway, axons of first-order neurons ascend up the spinal cord within this location when the sensation comes from the upper limb

fasciculus cuneatus 

400

These are released from interneurons and can block calcium channels on the first-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract, inhibiting the release of glutamate and/or substance P, inhibiting pain sensation from ascending to the brain. 

enkephalins 

500

Name the 2 types of nociceptors of the spinothalamic tract and what they are formed by 

• Mechanical nociceptors - responds to severe mechanical deformation of the skin (ex: pinching and penetration), formed by finely myelinated Adelta fibers

• Polymodal nociceptors - respond to irritant chemicals, intense thermal conditions, and mechanical deformation. Unmyelinated C fibers

Arteries and cranial nerves

100

What is CN VIII responsible for 

Vestibulocochlear = balance and hearing 

200

Name the foramen each branch of the trigeminal nerve comes out of

Opthalmic division = superior orbital fissure, maxillary division = foramen rotundum, mandibular division = foramen ovale 

Standing Room Only

Helpful note: mandibular is the only division of CN V that also have motor function (mastication muscles) 

300

This artery supplies the lateral and ventral funiculi as well as the gray matter of the spinal cord

anterior spinal artery 

400

Name the artery. 

• spinal cord watershed area (overlap) in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar region. May be damaged during aortic surgeries. 

artery of adamkiewicz 

500

These are the cranial nerves with parasympathetic fibers and ganglia in the face 

CN III (oculomotor), CN VII (Facial), CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

• COPS → Ciliary (via CN III), Otic (via CN IX), Pterygopalatine (via CN VII), Submandibular (via CN VII)