ICP
This crescent-shaped bleed is often comprised of jelly-like coagulated blood and can be acute or chronic
Subdural Bleed (located between the dura and arachnoid layers)
Acute: develops 24-72hr (countercoup MOA typical)
Subacute: develops in 2-14 days
Chronic: 14+ days (common in elderly and alcoholics)
Which type of HA might be initially relieved by high flow oxygen?
Cluster Headache
Can walk into a bar, but can't have a drink
Central Cord Syndrome
*Greater loss of motor function in upper extremities than lower with variable sensory sparing (more likely to lose pain & temperature (lateral cord) than proprioception & vibration (posterior cord)
Name 2 pediatric-specific signs of increased ICP
-bulging fontanelles
-sun-setting eyes
-biots respirations
Assuming room temperature/inabiblity to regulate temperature
Poikilothermia
What are the normal ranges for pediatric and adult ICP levels
Pediatric: 0-5
Adult: 8-12
Fill in the blanks of the meninge layers:
SKULL > ___ > ___ > ___ BRAIN
SKULL > Dura > Arachnoid > Pia > BRAIN
What 3 sensations or functions does the posterior spinal cord detect/do
1) Light touch
2) Vibration
3) Proprioception
*Lateral Cord = pain + temperature
*Anterior Cord = motor function
What signs/symptoms might you see with a Middle Fossa Basilar Skull Fracture
Blood and CSF draining from the ears
Hemotympanum
Name the 3 signs indicative of nuchal rigidity in meningitis (Hint: one pertains specifically to infants)
1) Kernig's Sign (severe pain when the hamstring/leg is straightened as the hip is bent 90 degrees)
2) Brudzinski's Sign (Lifts head/neck up when hips and knees are flexed up)
3) Paradoxical Crying (infants cry when held and sleep when laid flat on the bed)
Saddle Anesthesia includes what symptoms/impairments
Sciatic-type back pain, loss of bowel and bladder, loss/impaired sexual function
List 3-5 characteristics (100pts. each) regarding CSF presentation in Bacterial Meningitis
-Cloudy in appearance
-WBC >2,000
-Decreased glucose level
-Increased protein level
-High opening pressure
Brown-Sequard includes what kind of sensation loss
Loss of pain and temperature (lateral function) on the OPPOSITE side as the injury
Loss of motor function, vibration, and proprioception (anterior and posterior function) on the SAME side