NEURO
Left Cerebral Hemisphere- Left hemisphere controls language (Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas) and motor function of the right side
What neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson syndrome?
dopamine
Which medication is considered the gold standard treatment for Parkinson syndrome?
Levodopa Carbidopa
What does cranial nerve 5 control?
Trigeminal - facial sensation and chewing
A patient experiencing an acute MS relapse is most likely prescribed this medication to decrease inflammation.
intravenous methylprednisolone
Eyes – 2
Verbal – 3
Motor – 5
What is the total score and what does it indicate?
10 – moderate neurological impairment
Name the four classic motor symptoms of Parkinson syndrome.
1. resting tremor
2. bradykinesia
3. rigidity
4. postural instability
When should levodopa be taken in relation to meals?
Best taken on an empty stomach
What does cranial nerve 12 control?
A nurse is teaching a patient with MS about fatigue management. This intervention should be recommended first.
planning activities during periods of highest energy and allowing frequent rest periods
a. sluggish pupils
b. patient reports blurred and hazy vision
c. unilateral dilated pupil
d. headache
C. suggests increasing ICP with possible brain herniation
What is the name of the complication that makes aspiration a major concern in Parkinson disease?
Dysphagia
List out major 3 side effects of dopamine agonists.
1. orthostatic hypotension
2. hallucinations
3. excessive daytime sleepiness
4. nausea
5. impulse control disorders
what does cranial nerve 8 control?
vestibulocochlear - hearing and balance
A patient with MS develops urinary urgency and frequent urinary tract infections. These symptoms occur because of dysfunction of this body system.
neurogenic bladder
A client arrives with right sided weakness and slurred speech. Which is the nurse’s first actions?
NIHSS scale and check blood glucose
What is an early symptom of Parkinson syndrome?
Resting tremor
Which medication is preferred for nausea in Parkinson syndrome?
Ondansetron
what does cranial nerve 2 control?
optic - vision
This imaging study is considered the gold standard for identifying plaques and demyelinating lesions in MS.
MRI
A patient with a traumatic brain injury becomes increasingly restless and confused. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Assess oxygenation
Aspiration and falls
Which anticholinergic is useful for Parkinson tremor?
Benztropine
what does cranial nerve 9 control?
glossopharyngeal - taste, swallowing, gag reflex
A patient reports blurred vision, eye pain with movement, and decreased color perception. This common early manifestation of MS is suspected.
Optic neuritis