Dementia
Most common mixed dementia type
AD & VaD
TBI definition
blow/jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury disrupting brain function
What is RHD?
cognitive communication disorder resulting from damage to the right cerebral hemisphere. most bizarre of all communication disorders
The Test of Everyday Attention (TEA) is apart of which ICF model?
Activities and participation
Describe Spaced retrival
memory technique that uses procedural memory to help people recall information over progressively longer intervals of time.
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) shows sleep disturbance, visual hallucinations, parkinsonian features (slowness/gait imbalance), & NO memory loss as an initial symptom. What pathology is shown in DLB?
presence of lewy bodies in the brainstem and cortical areas
Neuropathology of TBI
open head injury, closed head injury (most common), diffuse axonal injury, gliosis, metabolic dysfunction
Describe Implicit memory
unconscious or automatic memory; the information that we store purposefully and is unintentionally memorized (procedural memory)
What are 3 common assessments for aphasia
Boston (BDAE)- diagnose aphasia and determine severity
Western (WAB-R)- determine type of aphasia and infer location of lesion
Assessment for living with aphasia (ALA)- self assessment to assess quality of life
Name 3 treatments for dementia
Montessori therapy, remininiscence therapy, spaced retrieval, reality orientation, validation therapy, simulated presence therapy, external memory aids
This dementia type shows early episodic memory impairments and amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Closed head injury examples
concussion, contusion, diffuse axonal injury, hematoma, hemorrhage
Types of Explicit memory
semantic, episodic, autobiographical, visual
A comprehensive assessment and screening of patients suspected of having mild-moderate neurocognitive disorders including MCI, dementia, and TBI. This test was made by SLPs.
1. Repeatable Battery Assessment for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS).
2. Information Processing Assessment (RIPA-2).
3. Pyramids and Palm Trees Test (PPT).
4. Arizona Battery for Communican disorders of Dementia (ABCD)
4. ABCD
Name 3 treatment for TBI
errorless learning, spaced retrieval, compensatory strategy training, computer assisted treatment, dual task training, senosry stimulation, social communication
This dementia type shows atrophy in the frontal and anterior lobes, changes in personality/behavior, and difficulties comprehending/producing language
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD)
TBI symptoms (will vary based on site of TBI, but name 3 possible symptoms)
deficits in: word retrival and naming, pragmatics, reading/writing. may show dysarthria, poor attention, and irritability/unreasonable behavior
RHD symptoms
anosognosia, unilateral left neglect, difficulties understanding the meaning of a message, inability to use nonverbal communication, prosodic deficits, poor judgment/reasoning
QUICKLY identifies strengths and weaknesses of cognitive linguistic functioning across a variety of individuals with suspected/diagnosed neurological impairment
Cognitive Linguistic Quick Test (CLQT+)
Name 3 Treatments for Aphasia
AAC, Script training, PACE, Semantic feature analysis (SFA), Verb Network Training (VNeST), attention treatment, response elaboration training (RET)
Describe Vascular Dementia including pathology and hallmark features
pathology: multiple cerebrovascular accidents/ mini strokes
hallmark features: cardiovascular disease, impaired executive function & decision making, memory loss later on, difficulty with motor function (slow gait/poor balance)
2 TBI assessmetn scales
Glasgow coma scale, Rancho Los Amigos level of cognitive functioning scale
Treatment for RHD
target: understanding and managing alternate meanings, pragmatic skills, comprehension,
Describe the purpose of the Repeatable Battery Assessment for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)
detects and characterizes the severity of dementia
This treatment breaks down the task in small steps, provides models, encourages the patient not to guess, immediatly correcting errors, and provides fading prompts
Errorless learning (used for TBI patients)