Neurovascular
What type of stroke is caused by a blocked blood vessel?
ischemic stroke
Which CN controls smell?
CN I (olfactory)
What is the main function of the thalamus?
sensory relay station
Which motor neuron lesion causes hyperreflexia?
UMN lesion
Which pathway carries pain and temperature?
Spinothalamic tract
What CN is responsible for hearing and sound localization ?
Which thalamic nucleus relays visual info?
LGN
Which motor neuron lesion causes muscle atrophy?
LMN lesion
Which pathways senses vibration and fine discrimination touch?
DCML/PCML pathway
What is the difference between an embolic and thrombotic stroke?
embolic is when a clot is formed where artery is blocked and embolic is when a clot is formed elsewhere and travelled to blocked artery
You are eating a big piece of food and have to chew. What CN is used for chewing?
CN V (Trigeminal)
Which basal ganglia pathway increases movement?
direct pathway
What is a motor unit?
One LMN and all the muscle fiber it innervates
What order neuron in the spinal cord facilitate reflexive responses?
2nd order neuron
Why can a patient have stroke symptoms but a negative CT scan?
Early ischemia does not show on CT; only hemorrhage appears immediately.
Someone calls your name and you turn your head. What CN is being used to turn your head?
CN XI (Spinal Accessory)
A patient has bradykinesia, rigidity and resting tremor. Which neurotransmitter is reduced?
dopamine
Left UMN lesion
A patient loses pain and temperature on the left side of the body. Where is the lesion?
right spinothalamic tract
A patient with a hemorrhagic stroke needs CSF drainage by a catheter. Which intervention is this?
External Ventricular Drain (EVD)
Your patient has these symptoms regarding their speech: hoarseness, breathiness, nasal regurgitation. What CN is damaged?
CN X (Vagus)
How does Deep Brain Stimulation help Parkinson's symptoms?
programmable pulses sent to the basal ganglia that mimic a lesion and reduce tremor
A patient has flaccid paralysis in one limb after a peripheral nerve injury. What type of lesion is this?
LMN lesion
A patient loses vibration sense on the right side below T10. Where is the lesion?
right DCML