Neuro Exam Review

Clinical Cases

100

77 year old male brought to urgent care by family with sudden onset of confusion.  He ignores questions asked.  He is closing his eyes throughout the visit.  On exam, he has no focal weakness, or speech changes.  Most likely diagnosis 

What is delirium? 

200

A 55 year old male has new onset headaches that began one month ago and occur almost daily and have been waking him up.  He also has noticed some left sided weakness when he goes to the gym.  What is the imaging study of choice?

What is MRI? (concerning for a brain tumor) 

300

An 8 week old presents to ER with first episode of febrile seizure.  What is diagnostic study of choice?  

What is lumbar puncture?

400

52 year old patient presents to your clinic with gait disturbance, expressive aphasia and personality changes.  In what cerebral lobe is most likely the lesion?

Where is frontal lobe?

500

42 year old female with a couple of episodes of  weakness and diplopia that last a few days.  First episode was 8 months ago.  What is the imaging study of choice for this patient?

Gadolinium Enhancing MRI Brain 

Treatments

100

Treatment of choice for Status Epilepticus 

What is Lorazepam (ativan)?

200

Treatment of choice for absence seizures

What is Ethosuximide (Zarontin)?

300

Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia 

What is Carbamazepine 

400

Parkinson's first line treatment 

What is Levodopa/Carbidopa 

500

Treatment for essential tremor

What is Propranolol?

Examples

100

What is an example of a reason to start migraine prophylaxis?

What is frequent headaches (greater than one per week)?

200

Three symptoms of Parkinson's 

What is muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, tremor 

300

Example of Tourette's tic 

What is motor tics (blinking, shrugging shoulders), and vocal tics (phonic - repeating another's speech, humming, etc)?

400

Three examples of upper motor neuron lesion symptoms 

What is muscle weakness, hyperreflexia, Babinski, clonus, increase tone, decorticate posturing (arms flexed, clinched fists, extended legs) 

500

Suspending baby prone and slowly lowering head towards a surface.  Arms and legs will extend in a protective fashion is an example of what reflex?

What is parachute reflex?

Diagnosis

100

What is most likely diagnosis of onset of bilateral weakness that develops after URI 

What is Guillian Barre 

200

Most common site of cerebral occlusion 

Middle cerebral artery 

300

Child with muscular dystrophy stands by rolling over and pushing off the floor with his arms, what is the name of this "classic sign"

What is "Gowers sign"

400

seizure type occurs in right arm with tonic/clonic movements without loss of consciousness 

What is focal seizure without impairment of consciousness?

500

Visual Field defects and diminished color discrimination are associated with a tumor in what cerebral lobe?

What is Occipital Lobe?

Prevention

100

Which Vitamin can be given to alcoholics to prevent the development of Wernicke's?

What is Vitamin A (thiamine) 

200

preventative treatment medication for Multiple Sclerosis

What is Interferon Beta A (Avonex) 

300

What Alzheimers drug may improve cognitive function and slow disease progression 

What is Donepazil (Aricept)? Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 

400

What is recommended to prevent the neuropathy in Diabetes 

What is glucose control