Peripheral Nervous System
Wallerian degeneration occurs in the part of the axon that is located ____ to the site of injury.
Distal
This movement disorder is characterized by resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability
Parkinson Disease
This demyelinating disease can cause relapses and remissions, with symptoms like optic neuritis, weakness, and numbness.
Multiple Sclerosis
Injury to this nerve can cause "claw hand" deformity.
Ulnar nerve
The Autonomic Nervous System breaks down into what two divisions
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Somatic and Autonomic
With this progressive disorder, it is ok to use light resistance for muscle groups demonstrating a grade 3 or above
ALS
This progressive neurological disease causes both upper and lower motor neuron signs, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
ALS
This autoimmune disorder often follows an infection and leads to rapid-onset muscle weakness starting in the feet and legs.
Guillain Barre Syndrome
The Somatic portion of the PNS is further broken down into what TWO parts
Sensory and Motor
Name one clinical sign that suggests a lower motor neuron lesion
muscle atrophy, fasciculations, decreased reflexes, or hypotonia
What neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson's disease?
Dopamine
The hallmark feature of Alzheimer's disease is a decline in this type of cognitive function.
Memory
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease primarily causes weakness and wasting in these parts of the body first
Distal feet and legs
One factor in regards to the success of nerve repair after a peripheral nerve injury is:
Type of injury (crush, severing, etc)
Pre-existing health conditions
amount of damage to surrounding tissue
cell bodies have to survive
Approximation of the nerve ends
The regeneration of a damaged peripheral nerve typically proceeds at approximately this rate per day.
1-3mm/day
Name one early motor symptom seen in Friedreich's ataxia.
uncoordinated gait
dysarthria, dysphagia
loss of proprioception
Name one precaution/contraindication when treating a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?
Overheating
Over fatigue/do not work to fatigue
lower temps for aquatic therapy
This syndrome is characterized by new muscle weakness years after a patient has recovered from a viral infection.
Post Polio Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by impairment/overuse of what nerve?
Median Nerve
Name two factors that can negatively affect peripheral nerve regeneration after Wallerian degeneration.
age, severity of injury, distance to target tissue, scar formation, or poor blood supply
Name TWO cardinal features of Parkinson
bradykinesia
akinesia
slow speech
masked facies (flat affect)
Rigidity
Name two risk factors for developing Alzheimer's disease
age
family history
alcoholism
genetics (APOE - 4)
head trauma
In Guillain-Barré Syndrome, respiratory failure can occur due to weakness in these muscles.
Diaphragm and intercostals
Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy?
VII (Facial Nerve)