ALS/GBS
T/F: People with GBS make a full recovery and none of them experience residual symptoms
FALSE (~30% have residual or motor deficits after 3 yrs)
These risk factors accelerate the risk of dementia
What are:
-head trauma
-low level of education
-stroke
-depression
-nutritional problems (folate)
-meds
These are the cardinal features of PD
What are: Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia/bradykinesia, Postural instability (TRAP)
This type of MS is characterized by relapses of symptoms, followed by periods of partial or complete symptom relief in which the dz doesn't progress
What is relapsing-remitting MS?
This motor assessment tool can be used with children with DS from birth to 7 years
What is PDMS-2 (the Peabody)?
ALS is often _______ (asymmetrical or symmetrical) and progresses from ______(distal or proximal) to ________(distal or proximal)
What is:
-asymmetrical
-distal to proximal?
Extravascular dementia affects these arteries
What are 1 or more of the 3 cerebral arteries?
This medication is used with PD and is associated with an "on-off" phenomenon
What is L-dopa?
These are needed for a diagnosis of MS (2)
What are:
1. Dissemination in time (clinical presentation of sxs at least 30 days apart)
2. Dissemination in space (lesions in 2 separate areas of the CNS)
This type of muscular dystrophy is characterized by weakness in facial muscles, winging of the scapulae, and difficulty raising arms above shoulders
What is fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
**good prognosis and typically normal life span :)
These are some symptoms of the LMN component of ALS
What are: twitching (fasciculations), cramping, and weakness w/ atrophy
This stage of dementia occurs ~8-12 years in and is characterized by loss of self care skills, behavioral issues, and mental/physical decline
What is Stage 3?
These are some movement related sxs of Huntington's
What are: chorea, dystonia, slow/unusual eye mvmt, impaired gait/posture/balance, and difficulty w/ speech/swallowing?
If someone is as a 6.5 on the EDSS, they are ambulating with the use of this
What is a bilateral device?
We can give children with DS this type of brace if they have pes planus
What are SMOs?
These are some negative prognostic factors for GBS (3)
What are: more severe involvement, older age, and viral agents?
These are mitochondrial changes that can occur with dementia (3)
What are:
-mutations linked to Apoptosis
-Free radical formation (due to damage)
-Oxidative stress
("AFO" acronym to help remember)
These are some gait characteristics of PD observed in the LE
What are:
-increased knee flex during stance
-decreased hip and knee flex early swing
-decreased hip and knee ext late swing
-decreased clearance
-decreased pushoff?
What is gabapentin?
We want to aim for these 2 types (broadly speaking) of exercise in children w/ DMD
What are:
-submax aerobic exercise
-graded low-resistance strengthening exercises
This is a major medical concern of GBS and is one of the reasons why we want to keep these pts moving
What is DVT/pulmonary embolism?
This type of dementia affects long penetrating arteries and results in executive function deficits, impaired procedural memory, and depression
What is intracranial dementia?
This test that is performed in clinic is used for measuring freezing of gait
What is the Zieglar test?
A relapse is new symptom(s) that last this long
What is >/= 24 hours?
** also, symptoms that occur within 30 days are considered the same relapse
These are some gait changes found in kids w/ DMD (4)
What are:
-lateral trunk sway
-increased BOS
-toe walking
-retraction of shoulders w/ lack of reciprocal arm swing