CVA
This term refers to low muscle tone. This is often present on the affected side with reduced or absent reflexes.
Hypotonicity
A person with a C6 SCI will likely have a specific type of grasp and release known as:
Tenodesis
This functional assessment measures a person's level of consciousness after a TBI.
GCW- Glasgow Coma Scale
Name 3 degenerative diseases of the CNS
PD
MS
ALS
AD
This assessment requires a client to hold a position for 10 seconds without moving their feet or needing support before they can go on to the next position.
4 stage balance test
In establishing long-term goals for an individual with T4 paraplegia in a rehabilitation setting, the OTA would MOST likely predict that the patient will attain what level of independence with bathing, dressing, and transfers?
Complete independence with self-care and transfers.
Independence with self-care and minimal assistance with transfers.
Minimal assistance with self-care and moderate assistance with transfers.
Dependence with both self-care and transfers.
1. Complete independence with self-care and transfers.
This is the term for delayed initiation in motor responses, in errors in range and force of movement, and in rate and regularity of movement.
Example: A patient cannot calibrate the force of grasp and might crush a Styrofoam cup.
Ataxia
This condition is described as an impaired ability to plan motor acts. Clients have difficulty performing purposeful movements on command OR understanding the concept of a task.
Apraxia
Describe the immediate treatment for autonomic dysreflexia?
Treatments (*Laying the pt down is contraindicated as it will increase the BP if you do this you may be responsible for your patient having a stroke or a seizure*)
Sit the client upright
Remove restrictive clothing
Check catheter bag for a blockage
Check blood pressure
Notify nursing
Chart
Name 4 cognitive deficits that may result from a TBI
Disorientation
Reduced attention/concentration
Impaired initiation
Impaired memory
Decreased safety awareness
Delayed processing of information
Impaired executive functions and abstract reasoning
This disease may follow various courses related to progression including:
Relapsing/remitting
Secondary progressive
Primary progressive
Progressive relapsing
MS
This assessment focuses on:
Orientation and attention
Memory
Calculation and registration
Category naming
Delayed recall
Clock drawing
Story recall
SLUMS Examination
A mother of four teenage children who was diagnosed with a right CVA is receiving home care OT services. The treatment plan includes “Activities to improve left upper extremity function” and “Activities to improve balance in sitting and standing.” Which of the following activities would be most appropriate?
Stacking cones.
Door pulley.
Folding laundry.
Throwing a ball.
3. Folding laundry
This term is an inability to estimate the ROM necessary to reach the target of movement. It is evident when touching the finger to nose or placing an object onto a table.
Dysmetria
This condition is described as the inability to interpret perceptual messages from the hemiplegic side of the body or space.
Unilateral neglect
At this SCI level Driving is possible with highly specialized equipment
C5/C6
Describe 1 of the 3 stages of recovery with the Ranchos Los Amigos (RLA) Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale: These stages are useful in guiding treatment planning.
Stage 1: Coma corresponds to RLA levels 1 to 3. The OT practitioner focuses on body functions using sensory stimulation and orientation training.
Stage 2: Confusion/increasingly goal-directed involves levels 4 to 6. The OT practitioner minimizes environmental overstimulation and repeatedly instructs the client in simple goal-directed functional tasks.
Stage 3: Cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation addresses levels 7 to 8 and is applicable to levels 9 & 10. Therapy is focused on higher-level performance in areas of occupation and compensatory strategies and techniques to work around the remaining deficits.
PD is characterized by 4 cardinal motor signs. Name 3 of them:
Resting Tremor
Rigidity
Bradykinesia
Postural instability
Signs of neurological problems with this assessment include:
Slow tentative pace
Loss of balance
Short strides
Little or no arm swing
Steadying self on walls
Shuffling
En bloc turning- turning the head, trunk, and pelvis as a unit rather than turning the segments in a top-down sequence as is seen in healthy controls.
Not using assistive devices properly
TUG
An individual who has a TBI has reached a maximum level of independence in a hospital. The OTA should refer the individual to:
A community reintegration program
Outpatient therapy
Home health therapy
Extended care facility
1. A community reintegration program
The term for "to bounce or spring again" is the lack of the check reflex, or the inability to stop a motion quickly to avoid striking something.
Example: if a patient's arm is bent against resistance of the OTP and the resistance is suddenly removed, the patient's hand will hit the face or body.
Rebound phenomenon of Holmes
Name 4 perceptual dysfunctions and/or perceptual-motor impairments that can result from a CVA
Visual perceptual impairment
Spatial relations deficits
Color discrimination deficits
Unilateral neglect
Apraxia
Body awareness deficits
Agnosia
Starting at this SCI level, a client may have functional ambulation:
T-10
Describe 3 common behavioral issues seen in clients with a TBI
Lowered frustration tolerance
Agitation
Combativeness
Emotional lability
Enable the client to adapt and maintain maximum level of functioning throughout the course of the disease including teaching care providers the necessary skills to safely and effectively assist with daily care issues.
This test assesses unilateral gross manual dexterity and can be used with a wide range of populations.
Box and blocks
The family of an individual with paraplegia is moving into a new apartment and they need to select a surface for the living area. Finances are limited but they are looking for the surface that will be easiest for maneuvering a wheelchair. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate surface for this situation?
Linoleum floor.
Short pile carpeting.
Deep pile carpeting.
Several area rugs.
Linoleum floor.
The term for involuntary eye movement in an up-down, back-and-forth, or rotating direction.
Nystagmus
Apraxia is a deficit that may show up in clients recovering from a CVA (and other neuro conditions.
The focus of treatment is on decreasing activity limitation and participation restrictions for those living with apraxia by using evidence-based treatment approaches. Name 2 of the 4 discussed in class.
Errorless Learning/Training of Details
Combined Mental and Physical Practice
Gesture Training
Strategy Training
A client with this level SCI will likely have the following needs:
-Full electric hospital bed with a pressure relief mattress.
-WC: Power, tilt recline, head chin breath control
-Pressure relief WC cushion, mattress
-High tech computer access
C4
Describe sensory regulation treatment
Sensory regulation treatment is multisensory, incorporating visual, auditory, tactile, and other stimuli into specific functional and familiar tasks such as rolling over in bed.
There are 7 stages of AD discussed in your text. Choose one stage and describe it.
Stages on page 528
Name 1 of the 3 perception tests discussed in class:
Hint- There were videos
Motor-Free Visual Perception Test (MVPT-3)
Lowenstein Occupational Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA-2)
Test of visual-motor skills (TMVS)
In the assessment of individuals in whom the early and middle stages of dementia are diagnosed, the functional ability that will MOST likely remain intact for the longest duration is?
The ability to read written information.
The ability to write basic information.
The ability to engage in superficial social conversation.
The ability to dress and undress oneself.
3. The ability to engage in superficial social conversation.
The term for faulty speech production, is explosive or slurred speech caused by the incoordination of the speech mechanism. The patient's speech may also vary in pitch, may appear nasal and tremulous, or both.
Dysarthria