What am I?
I am the location where the olfactory nerve terminates. Where/what am I?
Olfactory Bulb
Which disease causes degeneration of hair cells because there is a swelling of the membranous labyrinth?
Meniere's Disease
Where is the specific location in which we will level our transducer when performing a surgery while the pt is in a seated position?
External auditory meatus (canal)
What maintains the shape of the eye?
Intraocular pressure
What happens when you have Glaucoma?
Increased pressure in the eye leads to damage of the optic nerve > vision loss/blindness
The lateral olfactory tract is my main olfactory projection pathway. From the olfactory bulb I can go two places. What are they?
1. Primary olfactory cortex
2. small portion amygdala
When you have a conductive issue within your ear, what are some causes?
Earwax, infection, bone growths, tumors, and/or ruptured eardrum
The retina is an outgrowth of what?
Diencephalon
1. choroidal circulation (outer two layers)
2. central retinal artery (inner layers)
Disney Trivia: Who was the first Princess in Disney?
Snow White (1937)
I am the initial cortical destination. I receive information via direct projections. What am I?
Paleocortex
When the otoconia become unattached and enter the semicircular duct leading to issues with equilibrium, what diagnosis would you have?
Vertigo
How many concentric tissue layers are there in the eye?
3 concentric tissue layers
1. fibrous outer layer
2. vascular middle layer
3. inner layer (retinal layer)
List the order from the Retina to the Primary Visual Cortex:
Optic Chiasm, Ganglion Cell Axons, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, Primary Visual Cortex, Optic Nerve, Retina
Retina, GCAs, ON, OC, LGN, PVC
Where do the CNs 7, 9, & 10 terminate? (in regard to our taste buds)
**Think of: you Need Something Tasty!
For the transduction in olfactory cells I need FOUR different ions. Can you list all 4 and tell me which ones INFLUX and EFLUX?
INFLUX: Na, Ca
EFLUX: K, Cl
Anosmic means that you are deprived of the sense of smell (that sucks). What TWO deficits stem from this disease?
1. conductive olfactory deficit
2. Sensorineural olfactory deficit
How would you explain where the lens is located?
Suspended within the tissues
What CNs are innervate the taste buds?
CNs 7, 9, & 10
What does CN 8 innervate in regard to the special sensory components?
End-Organ Mechanoreceptors (Hair Cells)
The gustatory and olfactory cortices project to the same area in my brain. Where do they project to?
Orbital cortex
When there is cell death or atrophy of the cerebellum there is an inability to coordinate movements. What are the most common causes? (5)
Gene is an alcoholic who had a traumatic stroke then developed MS!
(Gene Mutation, ETOH, Trauma, Stroke, MS)
**He needed a CT to confirm!
Where are the rods and cones located?
Retina
What are the different papillae and where are they located on the tongue?
Filiform papillae (middle, movement of food)
Fungiform papillae (anterior 2/3)
Foliate (posterior)
CircumVallate (V-shaped towards the back)
List the 3 components of the Vestibular Labrinth
1 - Vestibule
2 - 2+ otolithic organs (utricle, saccule)
3 - 3 semicircular canals (contain Receptors & DUCKS)