Neurons & Neuroglia
What are the three main parts of a neuron?
Cell body (soma), dendrites, axon
Which lobe controls reasoning, judgment & speech?
Frontal lobe
Resting potential = neuron’s inside is more _____ charged.
Negative
Path of a reflex arc in correct order?
Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector
Name the three meninges from outer to inner.
Dura → Arachnoid → Pia
Which neuroglial cells form myelin in the CNS and PNS?
Oligodendrocytes (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS)
The parietal lobe interprets which type of input?
Touch, temperature, pain (sensory)
Depolarization occurs when which ion moves into the cell?
Sodium (Na⁺)
Afferent = _____ information to CNS; Efferent = _____ from CNS.
To; From
Where is CSF produced?
Choroid plexus of the ventricles
What do astrocytes do?
Maintain the blood-brain barrier and support neurons
The occipital lobe’s main function is _____ .
Vision & visual processing
Repolarization happens when which ion leaves the neuron?
Potassium (K⁺)
What does “DAVE” stand for?
Dorsal Afferent Ventral Efferent
What is the main purpose of CSF?
Cushion & protect brain/spinal cord
Why can’t neurons survive long without oxygen?
They rely on aerobic glucose metabolism and cannot store energy
The thalamus acts as what for sensory input?
A relay station to the cerebral cortex
Which pump restores the resting gradient using ATP?
Sodium-Potassium pump
The precentral gyrus controls _____; the postcentral gyrus interprets _____.
Movement; Sensation
What results if CSF pressure increases?
Increased ICP → compression & decreased perfusion
Compare neurons vs. neuroglia in one sentence.
Neurons send impulses; neuroglia protect, feed & support them.
Which brain structures control balance and posture?
Cerebellum and basal ganglia
Define an action potential.
Rapid reversal of membrane polarity that travels along the axon
Which spinal cord tract carries pain and temperature?
Spinothalamic tract
Which diagnostic test measures brain electrical activity?
EEG (electroencephalogram)