GVE
damage to parasympathetic fibers in CN III would result in this clinical sign
what is mydriasis (dilated pupil)
A dog presents with limp, flaccid paralysis and a complete absence of reflexes. According to common cases, the dog might be suffering from this condition caused by a specific parasite.
What is Tick Paralysis?
Fasciculus Cuneatus
A dog is unable to maintain the equilibrium of its entire body and has a swaying posture. the neurologists localizes the issue to this deep nuclei
what is fastigial nucleus
these cranial nerves control the GVA of the body
7,9, 10
the caudal portion of this structure controls or gives orders to the ________ nervous system
hypothalamus; sympathetic
A patient presents with a total loss of balance and posture but can still move voluntarily. The lesion is likely located in the brainstem, where this system originates
what is the extrapyramidal system
A horse is having difficulty coordinating the movement of its forelimbs. If the issue is with unconscious proprioception, the clinician would investigate this specific spinocerebellar tract.
What is the Rostral Spinocerebellar Tract?
What if a signal is entering the cerebellum from the pons? It must travel through this specific peduncle, which exclusively carries afferent information.
What is the middle cerebellar peduncle?
If a patient has high blood pressure, baroreceptors in the carotid sinus send signals to the CNS. According to the sources, these specific signals are carried by this cranial nerve.
what is the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
parasympathetic innervation to the parotid salivary gland originates from this branch of cranial nerve ___
tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve
A dog is "knuckling over" because it cannot sense the position of its limbs without looking. This indicates a failure in the which receptors in the striated muscles and what neurons would fail to activate?
intrafusal fibers; type 1a and type 2
you gently pet a dog's face but the animal shows no conscious recognition of the tactile stimulus. You determine that while the signal successfully ventured through a certain destination in the pathway, it failed to produce a "conscious outcome" like due to disruption in this tract.
what is trigeminal-thalamic tract?
A horse with a tumor at the cerebellopontine angle presents with ataxia and nystagmus. Based on the sources, this type of tumor is most likely this.
what is a meningioma
A veterinarian is treating a dog for Megaesophagus and GDV (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus). The sources indicate these conditions are often linked to the Dorsal Vagal Complex, which is composed of these three specific neuro-anatomical structures.
What are the Area Postrema (AP), the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (NTS), and the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus (DMV)?
loss of parasympathetic input to the bladder would most likely impair this structure/ function?
what is detrusor muscle contraction?
this is the most important sign in UMN deficit and give an example of a disease associated with it
what is continuous excitation; e.g. tetanus
a researcher is looking for the sensory neurons that provide orders to the thoracic and abdominal viscera, in what location do they reside?
dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves
These two types of cells are found specifically in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex.
what are stellate and basket cells?
While the Trigeminal nerve handles most facial sensation, the GVA (sensory) signals from the nasal mucosa, soft palate, and pharynx utilize the facial nerve (CN VII) . A neurologist localizes the cell bodies for these specific sensory neurons to this anatomical structure .
What is the Geniculate ganglion?
This physiological phenomenon assists the defecation pathway by closing the glottis and contracting abdominal muscles to increase internal pressure.
What is Valsalva’s effect?
A patient develops right-sided voluntary motor deficits after a lesion localized to the caudal brainstem at the level of the pyramids.
Considering corticospinal tract anatomy, where is the lesion located and which component of the UMN system is affected?
A patient suffers an ischemic stroke in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe. While their spinal reflexes remain intact, they have lost the "conscious outcome" of awareness regarding limb position because of damage to these four specific areas
Brodmann Areas 1, 2, 3a, and 3b?
a young dog presents with a wide stance and an inability to control its body. despite this, the patient is noted to urinate and defecate normally. this clinical picture confirms that while the patient has a non-progressive lack of development in this specific brain region, the condition correctly spares all involuntary processes
what is cerebellar hypoplasia?
A patient loses the ability to perceive visceral pain or fullness from the heart and lungs. You determine the signal is failing to travel from the __________ to the thalamus via this specific ascending pathway
nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS); spinothalamic tract