Neuro/Brain - Theory

Brain parts

100

This is the name of the structure that joins 2  hemispheres.

corpus callosum

200

The top portion of the brain that includes all 4 lobes.

Cerebrum

300

These are depressions or grooves in the brain tissue. What are they called?

Sulcus or sulci

400

This tissue is myelinated throughout the brain and acts as a highway for neuron transmission.

White matter

500

This is the outer layer of the brain, made mostly of gray matter and is responsible for higher cognitive functions. What is my name?

 Cerebral cortex

Brain lobes

100

This lobe is the largest of all the lobes in the brain.

Frontal lobe

200

This lobe is on either side of the head and it processes hearing and language.

Temporal lobe

300

This lobe has a big job interrupting sensory input from the body.

Parietal lobe

400

This lobe has one job and it is positioned on the posterior side of the head.

Occipital lobe

500

There are 2 of these on either side of the head and they control the opposite side of the body. What are these structures called?

Hemispheres

Neurons

100

This is the long fiber that carries the impulse.

Axon

200

This happens at the junction between 2 nerve cells. 

Synapse

300

These short branched extensions RECEIVE the impulse from another neuron at the synapse.

Dendrites

400

This outer covering of fatty material speeds up the impulse through the axon.

Myelin sheath

500

This type of neuron transmits information to the brain (parietal lobe) to be processed.

Sensory neuron

The Inner parts of the brain

100

This structure has 3 parts and allows transmission of input (sensory) and output (motor) to crossover to the opposite side of the brain.

Brainstem

200

This small part of the brain is known as the master gland.

Pituitary gland

300

This structure is in charge of keeping your body in a stable state of homeostasis. 

Hypothalamus

400

This section of the brain helps you with short term memory and emotions, but as you age it might cause a person to have difficulty in carrying on a conversation, misplacing items, asking questions repeatedly and them not being able to remember what they had for breakfast.

Hippocampus

500

This very important structure regulates breathing, your heart beating and blood pressure. What is this structure?

Medulla oblongata

CNS/PNS

100

This is the innermost membrane covering all the brain tissue.

Pia mater

200

This fluid bathes and protects the brain and spinal cord.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

300

This part of the PNS (peripheral nervous system) has 2 divisions. Which one is the voluntary branch?

Somatic nervous system

400

These nerves don't generally cross and mostly originate around the brainstem. They are responsible for sight, hearing, taste, smell and other sensory impulses.

Cranial nerves

500

This division of the autonomic nervous system helps to return you to "rest and digest" state. What part of the system is it?

Parasympathetic nervous system