Headache
Autoimmune and Inherited Disorders
Movement Disorders
Cognitive Disorders
Grab bag
100
Most common type of headache seen in primary care practice
What is migraine headache? (accounts for 94% of headache complaint visits in primary care)
100
Fifty percent of cases of this disorder are caused by an autosomal dominant gene mutation
What is Essential tremor?
100
Progressive disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons that usually presents with weakness and poor coordination in the upper extremities
What is amytropic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
100
type of dementia that presents with visual hallucinations, motor impairment, postural instability and which often worsens with the use of neuroleptic agents such as Haldol.
What is Lewy Body Dementia?
100
Time window to determine CVA etiology in order to enable the use of thrombolytic agents
What is 3-4.5 hours?
200
Complication frequently seen in patients who treat more than 15 headaches per month
What is medication overuse (rebound) headache
200
An etiologic theory of this disorder suggests it is caused by autoantibodies to calcium channels on the motor neuron
What is ALS?
200
An assessment test that is most useful in the diagnosis of essential tremor
What is the finger to nose test?
200
Average duration of Alzheimer's disease from diagnosis until death when diagnosed in the 6th decade of life
What is 7-10 years?
200
Candidates for carotid endarterectomy
What are treatment recommendations for symptomatic patients with 70-99% carotid artery angiographic stenosis?
300
Name two first-line pharmacologic abortive therapies for migraine headache
What are NSAIDs and triptans?
300
An disorder caused by the production of self-reactive antibodies that cause a progressive motor weakness and paresthesias with autonomic dysfunction
What is Guillian-Barre Syndrome?
300
An eye exam finding that is commonly seen in movement disorders involving the cerebellum.
What is nystagmus?
300
Cut point that suggests dementia on MMSE
What is 25?
300
First two actions to be taken if a seizure persists for more than a minute
What are: 1. Ensure environment such that patient won't harm him/herself 2. Administer oxygen 3. Establish IV line and test for blood glucose, BMP, CBC and toxicology screen with AED drug levels, if possible.
400
Name two first line medications used in migraine prophylaxis (when a patient has > 2 migraines per week or > 9/month)
What are Beta-blockers, topiramate or valproic acid?
400
Two genes known to be involved in Alzheimer's disease
What are apolipoprotein e and beta amyloid genes?
400
Two key management strategies for patients with Bell's palsy
What are: 1. Eye protection with methylcellulose drops BID 2. Steroid taper over 2 weeks (and antivirals for severe facial palsy)
400
Alterations in these 3 things are seen with delirium
What are: cognition attention consciousness
400
Five causes of an isolated seizure
What are: fever electrolyte disorder stroke hypoglycemia alcohol withdrawal hyperventilation or hypoxia head trauma or infection
500
Five red flags that would signal the need for diagnostic testing in patients presenting with headache
What are: 1. Systemic symptoms (fever, weight loss) 2. Secondary risk factors (HIV, Cancer) 3. Neurological focal findings 4. Sudden, acute, split-second onset 5. Change in pattern of chronic headache 6. New headache in patient > 40 y/o
500
3 diagnostic tests and their findings to confirm a diagnosis of MS
What are evoked response testing which demonstrates delayed conduction, LP which shows oligoclonal IgG bands and MRI which shows demyelinating lesions (plaques)
500
Four clinical features of Parkinson's Disease
What are: 1. resting tremor 2. rigidity 3. postural instability 4. bradykinesia
500
Five blood tests that should be ordered in the initial evaluation of dementia
What are: CBC TSH CMP B12 Folate
500
Prophylactic medications that prevent complications of AEDs in patients with seizure disorders
What are calcium and vitamin D?
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