Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerve 1 name and assessment
Olfactory and have pt occlude nostril, close eyes, and smell. Repeat other nostril
Blindness of half of the field of vision in one or both eyes
Hemianopsia
Brain undergoes necrosis following cessation of the blood supply
Cerebral infarction
A seizure in which abnormal electrical activity occurs in large areas of the brain. Usually results in a loss of consciousness.
Generalized seizure
How do you assess motor skills?
Ambulate as usual, heel to toe, on toes, on heels
Cranial Nerve 3 name and assessment
Ocular Movement
6 cardinal fields of gaze
Voice impairment or altered voice production
Dysphonia
Modifiable Risk Factors
Hypertension is the primary risk factor
Cardiovascular disease (a-fib)
Elevated cholesterol or elevated hematocrit
Obesity
Diabetes
Oral contraceptive use
Smoking and drug and alcohol abuse
Seizure in which there is a sudden, brief lapse of consciousness, usually for about 2 to 10 seconds. The patient resumes activity as if the seizure had not occurred.
Absence seizure
How do you assess balance and equilibrium?
Romberg test
Cranial Nerve 8 name and assessment
Acoustic
Weber and Rene Tests
Inability to express oneself; often associated with damage to the left frontal lobe area
Expressive aphasia
Disruption of the blood supply caused by an obstruction, usually a thrombus or embolism, that causes infarction of brain tissue
Ischemic stroke
Seizure that begins and occurs in one part of the brain
Partial seizure
What is included in the Menningeal assessment?
Brudzinski’s sign and Kernig's sign
Cranial Nerve 6 name and assessment
Abducens
Light reflex
Inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty in walking, talking, and performing self-care activities
Ataxia
Temporary neurologic deficit resulting from a temporary impairment of blood flow
TIA
A seizure in which there is no loss of consciousness
Simple seizure
First sign of increased ICP
Cranial Nerve 11 name and assessment
Spinal Accessory
Shrug shoulders, turn head with and without resistance
Defects of articulation due to neurologic causes
Dysarthria
Caused by bleeding into brain tissue, the ventricles, or subarachnoid space
Hemorrhagic stroke
Seizure with loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions
Grand Mal Seizure
How to assessment memory