Synapses
Rapid communication; Connexon channels permit current to flow passively from the pre-synaptic cell to the post-synaptic
What is Electrical Synapse?
Treatment with this calcium channel blocker eliminates both the pre-synaptic calcium current and the post synaptic response
What is Cadmium?
They come together to form the SNARE complex
What are SNAP-25, synaptobrevin, and syntaxin?
NMDA opens these kinds of receptors
What are Ionotropic receptors?
Conductance through an ion channel generating an electrical current
What is Postsynaptic Current?
Once vesicles are free from their reserve pool tethers, they make their way to the plasma membrane and are attached to the membrane by docking reactions that involves these proteins
What are SNARE proteins?
Ca2+ chelator doesn't block channels but it binds to free calcium to prevent sudden rise in ________ calcium
What is intracellular calcium?
Contains intracellular domains that indirectly affect channels through the activation of intermediate molecules
What is Metabotropic Receptors?
Single most neurotransmitter that mediates synaptic inhibition
What is GABA?
This is able to freely diffuse across the plasma membrane and interact with target structures within the cell and is a vasodilator
What is Nitric Oxide?
No intercellular continuity, no direct flow of current from pre- to post- synaptic cell
What is Chemical Synapse?
The binding of calcium with this protein causes a chemical change allowing the fusion of two membranes
What is Synaptotoagmin?
The dome-like structure of this protein forms coated pits that initiate membrane budding, increasing the curvature of the budding membrane until it forms a coated vesicle-like structure that remains connected to the plasma membrane via a narrow lipid stalk
What is Clathrin?
This enzyme breaks down ACh
What is Acetylcholinesterase?
Depolarizes membrane potential
What is EPSP?
A cytoskeletal junction in developing synapses that may serve to organize post-synaptic receptors and speed their responses to neurotransmitters
What is Post-synpatic Density?
This transmitter is triggered by an influx of calcium
What is Secretion?
This results from the summed opening of many Ach receptors giving a macroscopic current
What is an End Plate Current?
This neurotransmitter is taken up into the presynaptic terminal by the SAT2
What is Glutamate?
This receptor is present in high concentrations in structures associated with the brain's reward system (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia)
What is CB1 receptor?
This occurs in the absence of presynaptic stimulation
What is Spontaneous miniature EPPs?
This coil causes the final pinching-off of membrane that severs the stalk and completes the production of coated vesicles
What is Dynamin?
This typically triggers a postsynaptic action potential by opening voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channel
What is EPP?
Lysergic acid diethylamide causes hallucinations by activating multiple types of these specific receptors
What is Metabotropic 5-HT receptors?
The 3 main groups that classify >20 endogenous ligands of opioid receptors
What are endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins?