A
TRUE OR FALSE: A comprehensive assessment of an injury requires undressing the child to assess for further injury, such as bruising or deformities, and asking open-ended & clarifying questions
What is TRUE?
Progressive nerve inflammation from immune response starting at feet and moving upward; muscle paralysis; monitor for respiratory & cardiac depression, skin breakdown; treat inflammation with prednisone
What is Guillain-Barre syndrome?
Two tests to determine if drainage is mucus or cerebral spinal fluid
What is the halo test or glucometer?
Common treatment for a musculoskeletal injury
What is RICE: Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate?
Collection of cerebral spinal fluid for testing purposes; keep child positioned, calm, and still; may have headache after collection
What is a lumbar puncture?
Inflamed brain tissue from viral infection; manage fever and symptoms, treat with antiviral, may have signs of intracranial pressure
What is encephalitis?
STI's, pregnancy, sexual behaviors or vocabulary beyond what's expected for age, genital or rectal lacerations/bruising
What are signs of sexual maltreatment?
Disorder with frequent fractures, bone/structural deformities, blue sclera; preventative techniques are vital; may be mistaken as signs of abuse
What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Burns, human bites, missing hair, hemorrhages to the retinas, fractures
What are suspicious injuries that may be signs of maltreatment?
Most common unrecognized fatal injury in children; may see tachypnea, hypotension, bruising, distention, pain, hematemesis, Kehr sign
What is abdominal trauma?
Manage with corticosteroids, calcium & Vitamin D, beta-blockers/ACE inhibitors, OT/PT/speech therapy, braces/orthotics, safety precautions due to difficulty with ADL's
What is muscular dystrophy?
Infection of meninges, often from URI; HA, fussiness, nuchal rigidity/pain; positive Brudzinski's & Kernig's signs; antibiotics, symptom management
What is bacterial meningitis?
Protect the child with safety measures, protect the airway, treat the cause, administer medications
What is treatment of a seizure?
Maintain semi-fowlers, monitor for posturing or seizures, maintain patency of pressure devices, administer appropriate medications
What is nursing management of intracranial pressure?
Neurovascular checks, RICE, pain management, and when to go to emergency department
What is education on cast care?
Abnormal development/damage to the motor areas of the brain; may be birth injury; variety of symptoms/disabilities that present when milestones aren't met
What is Cerebral Palsy?
Altered mental status, widening pulse pressure, loss of motor function, vision disturbances, vomiting, seizures are all signs of
What is intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Presence of progressive muscle wasting, a Gower's sign, a waddling gait, with a shortened life expectancy
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)?
Medical child abuse; illnesses that cannot be substantiated by testing; can be difficult to prove
What is Munchausen syndrome by proxy?
Infection that leads to death of bone tissue & possibly loss of limb; redness, edema around site of infection that penetrates to the bone; bedrest, immobilization, extensive antibiotic regimen
What is osteomyelitis?