Foundations
The Founder of psychoanalysis and the psychodynamic approach to psychology
Who is Sigmund Freud?
The term for the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their culture
What is socialization
The resting potential of a neuron peaks at this voltage
What is -70?
His biological research on dogs accidentally caused him to discover classical condition
Who is Pavlov?
This compliance tactic gets people to comply with a larger, more costly ask by first making modest requests and then ramping up the cost of the request.
What is the foot-in-the-door technique?
In Freud's theory, the psyche comprises these three aspects
What is the id, ego, and supergo?
The term for the part of the brain that develops during adolescence and is responsible for decision-making and impulse control
What is the prefrontal cortex?
These two pathways make up the dual pathway hypothesis
What are the dorsal and ventral streams?
What is positive reinforcement?
This arises from a situation where a majority of people will either approve or disapprove of something and make the incorrect assumption that most others will disagree with them.
What is Pluralistic Ignorance?
This German psychologist is seen as the first scientist to conduct a modern psychological experiment
Who is Willhelm Wundt?
What is a telomere?
This type of receptor responds to mechanical stimuli
What are mechanoreceptors?
This famous psychologist thought that all-or-nothing thinking is at the root of many problems
Who is Aaron Beck?
This theory regarding altruism states that people engage in altruism to relieve themselves of unwanted emotions associated with the suffering of others.
What is Negative state-relief theory?
William James, the founder of American psychology, primarily studied these two topics
What are habit and attention?
The child development theory that outlines four stages of cognitive development (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational), each being characterized by distinct thinking patterns and abilities
What is Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development?
This phenomenon of selective attention occurs when an individual is able to follow a distinct auditory stimulus in the presence of many other auditory stimuli
What is the cocktail party phenomenon?
This increases behavior by stopping unpleasantness when the behavior starts
What is negative reinforcement?
This kind of social norm describes what people think others ought to be doing
What is an injunctive norm?
In Psychoanalytic theory, the complex that describes a son's sexual attraction to his mother and hostility toward his father
What is the Oedipus Complex?
What is a strange situation?
This is the major efferent neurotransmitter that controls the sensitivity of vestibular efferents
What is Acetylocholine?
At the end of Pavlov's experiment, the bell produces this.
What is a conditioned response?
This model of persuasion maintains that people can be persuaded in two ways: one through making somebody carefully think about the argument in a persuasive message (Central route) and the other through indirectly confronting the method through things such as advertisement.
What is the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion?