Neuron Basics
These are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
What are neurons?
This part receives messages from other neurons.
What are dendrites?
During this phase, sodium rushes into the neuron.
What is depolarization?
This is the space between neurons.
What is the synaptic gap?
Which of these is NOT a neurotransmitter: dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, or insulin?
What is insulin?
A neuron at rest is negative on the inside and ____ on the outside.
What is positive?
This part of the neuron contains the nucleus.
What is the cell body?
During this phase, potassium leaves the neuron.
What is repolarization?
These chemicals carry messages across the synapse.
What are neurotransmitters?
This process allows electrical signals to cross between neurons.
What is neurotransmitter signaling across the synapse?
The resting potential of a neuron is about this level.
This part carries impulses away from the cell body.
What is the axon?
This phase makes the neuron more negative than resting potential.
What is hyperpolarization?
After release, neurotransmitters are broken down or ___ by the presynaptic neuron.
What is reabsorbed?
Why is myelin important?
What is it speeds up nerve impulse transmission?
This pump restores the neuron to its resting state after firing.
What is the sodium-potassium pump?
This structure speeds up the neural transmission.
What is the myelin sheath?
This type of conduction involves impulses "jumping" between nodes.
What is saltatory conduction?
Neurotransmitters bind to these on the next neuron.
What are receptors?
What happens if neurotransmitters don't get cleared from the synapse?
What is overstimulation?
This describes how structure relates to function in neurons.
What is dendrites receive and axons send signals?
These are gaps in the myelin sheath.
What are the nodes of Ranvier?
At this point, the neuron fires and sends the signal down the axon.
What is action potential?
When the action potential reaches this part, neurotransmitters are released.
What are the axon terminals?
Explain the full path of a neural signal.
Dendrites - Soma - Axon - Axon Terminals - Synapse - Next Neuron