Neurotransmitters
This neurotransmitter affects mood, hunger, and sleep and is linked to depression.
What is serotonin?
This test measures the brain's electrical activity, typically over a period of time, via electrodes attached to the scalp.
What is an EEG?
These are found only at the Nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons.
What are Sodium (Na+) ion channels?
This creates an impulse that synapses at one location over a short amount of time, in a "step-wise" fashion (think one shovel several times).
What is a temporal summation?
This area of the brain is resonsible for the perception, regulation, and management of pain messages.
What is the periaqueductal gray matter?
This neurotransmitter controls alertness and arousal. It is also linked to depression.
What is norepinephrine?
This uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of brain activity. It can help show the brain's structure and possible problems.
What is an MRI?
These directly bring about the release of neurotransmitters from the terminal button into the synaptic cleft.
What are Action Potentials?
These create impulses that synapse at different locations at the exact same time (think several shovels filling a hole at the same time).
What are spatial summations?
If an impulse is below the Resting Membrane Potential, the cell is said to be this.
What is hyperpolarization?
This "pleasure" neurotransmitter is linked to movement, learning, attention, and reward. An excess of it can lead to Schizophrenia, while a shortage leads to Parkinson's disease.
What is dopamine?
This test measures levels of blood and oxygen in the brain, showing areas that are over- and under-functioning.
What is a functional MRI (fMRI)?
Brief electrical charges that are above (more positive) the Resting Potential of -70mV and cause depolarization.
What are EPSP's (Excitatory Post-synaptic Potentials)?
This "escorts" 3 Sodium (Na+) ions out of the cell and brings in 2 Potassium (K+) ions into the cell to help help maintain the resting potential.
What is the Sodium/Potassium Pump?
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows around the brain and the spinal cord via this.
What is the subarachnoid space?
This is the most inhibitory neurotransmitter. A decrease of this can be implicated in anxiety; an increase can calm anxiety.
What is GABA?
This provides a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a task. It detects what part of the brain is being used.
What is a PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scan?
These provide myelin in the Central Nervous System.
What are Oligodendroglia (Oligodendrocytes)?
This controls muscles for speech production (found in the Frontal Lobe).
What is Broca's area?
The cell will fire an Action Potential if the impulse reaches the Threshold Potential. And, all Action Potentials are the same.
What is the "All or None" Law?
This neurotransmitter is linked to muscle contraction and memory, and a decrease is implicated in Alzheimer's disease.
What is Acetylcholine?
This test involves a series of x-rays, often in a 360-degree pattern around the head or other parts of the body.
What is a CT (Computerized Tomography) Scan?
These provide myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System.
What are Schwann Cells?
This controls language comprehension and understanding (found in the Temporal Lobe).
What is Wernicke's area?
This is the most excitatory neurotransmitter, found in over 90% of synapses. An over-supply of it is linked to seizures.
What is Glutamate?