Cells and Structures
Which neuronal structure do action potentials initiate?
Axon hillock
What is a typical neuron's resting membrane potential?
- 65 to 70mV
The process of synthesizing a polypeptide chain from mRNA template.
Translation
Which system allows olfaction:
a. Somatosensory System
b. Visual System
c. Chemosensory System
d. Vestibular System
e. Auditory System
c. Chemosensory System
Visual inputs are sent to which brain region in the cortex?
Visual cortex
What structure is important for localizing sounds from above or from below?
Pinna
The stored electrical charge across a membrane is called:
Capacitance
Which type of photoreceptor is most responsive to color?
Cones
This refers to one's ability to recognize where a specific body part is located in space.
Proprioception
In the presence of light, OFF bipolar cells will:
Hyperpolarize (or Turn OFF)
The hair cells on the basilar membrane are embedded in the
Organ of Corti
Ohms law describes the relationship between...
Current, conductance/ resistance, and voltage/ potential.
I = gV
R = 1/g
This molecular/ protein maintains the concentrations of Na+ and K+ inside and outside the cell.
Na+/K+ Pump
Which pathway (be specific) allows transmission of pain.
Spinothalamic pathway.
The spatial organization of neurons within the somatosensory cortex where neurons in a particular region in the cortex activate when a specific part of the body is stimulated, creating a map. This is called:
Somatotopic map
This is the brain structure that separates the somatosensory and primary motor cortex
Central gyrus
When conducting extracellular recording, the voltage recorded by the micro electrode during resting membrane potential is:
0mV
Provide an example of an amino acid neurotransmitter:
GABA, glutamate or glycine
In localizing continuous low frequency sound, which strategy is utilized by your auditory neurons?
Interaural time delay and Phase locking
Ablation in which brain region can result in inability to perceive motion?
MT Area
Name the 2 lateral pathways of motor output from the brain to the spinal cord.
Corticospinal Tract and Rubrospinal Tract
If concentration of Cl- ions outside the cell increases, the membrane potential will...
Note: typically, there's a higher concentration of Cl- ions outside the cell than the inside
Hyperpolarize (become more negative)
What is the name of the G-protein coupled receptor present in photoreceptors?
Transducin
In the basal ganglia, to control motor movement, the Striatum sends what type of signal to which structure (both direct and indirect pathway)?
Striatum sends INHIBITORY inputs to Globus Pallidus
The alternating patches of left and right eye in the visual cortex Layer IV is called:
Ocular Dominance Columns