Neurochemistry
These chemicals transmit signals across synapses
Neurotransmitters
This is the basic unit of the nervous system
Neuron
This sensory system allows you to detect light
Vision
This type of memory only lasts between 15-30 seconds
Short term memory
This disease is characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system
This neurotransmitter is often associated with reward and motivation
Dopamine
This part of the neuron receives incoming signals
Dendrites
These cells in the eye detect light
This brain structure is critical for forming memories
Hippocampus
This neurological disorder is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons
Parkinson's disease
This neurotransmitter is often targeted by antidepressants
This ion rushes into the neuron during the rising phase of an action potential
Sodium
This sensory system detects body position and movement of muscles
Proprioception
The process of learning by rewards and punishments
Operant conditioning
A patient who understands language but struggles to produce fluent speech most likely has damage to this region
Broca's area
This neurotransmitter is the most abundant in the brain
Glutamate
This principle states that an action potential either fully occurs or not at all
All-or-none
This structure in the inner ear converts sound vibrations into neural signals
Cochlea
The memory system responsible for recalling facts
Declarative memory
This term refers to the loss of the ability to understand or produce language due to brain damage
Aphasia
This neurotransmitter is associated with wakefulness and attention
Norepinephrine
An action potential is triggered only when the membrane potential crosses this value
Threshold
This process converts physical stimuli (ex. sound) into neural signals
This is the process of strengthening synapse connections through repeated activation
Long term potentiation (LTP)
A patient can recognize objects by touch but not by sight, despite having normal vision. There is most likely damage with this processing system
Ventral stream