Developing Brain
Disorders
Learning, Emotion, & Memory
Perception
Addiction
100

Neurons become interconnected through their short branches called ____ and _____

dendrites and long axons

100

This disorder in children is characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and difficulty focusing.

ADHD

100

What brain structures were removed during Henry Molaison’s experimental surgery that resulted in his inability to form new memories?

hippocampi 

100

How much (%) of the cerebral cortex is dedicated to vision?

30%

100

What neurotransmitter is targeted by hallucinogens such as LSD and marijuana?

serotonin

200

Apoptosis is activated if a neuron fails to receive enough life-sustaining chemical

signals called ______

trophic factors 

200

Autism Spectrum Disorder affects specific parts of the brain. Which two regions are primarily involved?

amygdala and prefrontal cortex

200

What two processes are responsible for strengthening or weakening synaptic connections to support memory formation?

LTP and LTD

200

What is the part of the junction in the visual processing system where

iris

200

Alcohol simulates the activity of which neurotransmitter?

GABA

300

In proliferation, increasing cell division is what makes the brain. Once the division progresses, the cell division moves from _______ to ________

symmetric to asymmetric 

300

This disorder includes alternating episodes of elevated mood (mania) and depression.

bipolar disorder

300

What receptors are involved in long term potentiation?

NMDA & AMPA glutamate receptors 

300

What is the sheet of cells on the inner surface of your eyeball?

retina 

300

Which pathway is most closely associated the flood of dopamine when taking opioids?

reward pathway 

400

Three layers that emerge during the very early stages of embryonic

 Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

400

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily affected when Schizophrenia is present?

dopamine system 

400

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for reinforcing rewards and motivation in the brain’s reward pathway?

dopamine 

400

Which part of the ear responds to higher pitch sounds?

liquid in cochlea

400

What drug, derived from the peyote cactus, has hallucinatory effects?

mescaline

500

A developing axon grows by the extension of its _______. 

Bonus: explain what the structure does. 

Growth Cone; at the end of the axon and finds the precise destination with the help of environmental cues. 

500

What disorder is characterized by sudden, unexpected bouts of intense fear and even frightening physical symptoms, and what branch of disorders does it fall under?

panic disorder/anxiety disorders

500

What is the term for the brain’s capacity to adapt and change its neural connections in response to learning and new experiences?

synaptic plasticity 

500

Process that neurologists use to see the minimum distance someone can feel between two points on their skin, rather than feeling it as 1 point?

two-point discrimination 

500

Which structure of the brain, when damaged, can result in uncontrolled aggression and anger?

lateral habenula

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