N
Brain strikes one side of skull and rebounds and strikes opposite side of skull
What is coup-contrecoup?
Bleeding on the brain
What is a cerebral hematoma?
Disruption of brain function caused by traumatic forces
What is a concussion?
Part of skull opened for surgery
What is an open craniectomy?
An increase in one compartment of the brain is compensated by a decrease in other compartments of the brain
What is the Monroe–Kellie hypothesis?
Shock related to primary injury to spinal cord results in areflexia
What is spinal shock?
Shock associated with spinal cord injury above T6, disrupting sympathetic nervous system
What is neurogenic shock?
Bruise of the brain
What is a cerebral contusion?
Blood build up between dura mater and skull
What is an epidural hematoma?
Decreased level of consciousness, pupillary dilation, headache, vomiting, papilledema, increased BP
What are signs of increasing intracranial pressure?
Area of skin supplied by single spinal nerve
What is a dermatome?
Increased pressure forcing portion of brain to be displaced to other areas
What is a brain herniation?
Most common type of skull fracture
What is a linear fracture of the skull?
Localized, ballooning portion of an artery
What is an aneurysm?
Abnormal respiratory pattern, bradycardia, systolic hypertension (widened pulse pressure)
What is Cushing’s triad?
Partial retention of function below level of spinal cord injury
What is an incomplete spinal cord injury?
Hypertension, slow heart rate, and abnormal respiratory pattern
What is Cushing’s triad?
Bruising over mastoid process
What is Battle’s sign?
Fractured line along skull bones
What is a linear skull fracture?
What are different levels of consciousness?
Pressure within brain, skull, and CSF
What is intracranial pressure or ICP?
Total loss of sensory, motor and reflexes below area of spinal cord injury
What is a complete spinal cord injury?
Tail-like appearance of nerves at base of spinal cord
What is Cauda equina?
Broken skull bones displaced inward
What is a depressed skull fracture?
mean arterial pressure (MAP) minus the intracranial pressure (ICP)
Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
CPP = MAP – ICP