Newton's Laws
this law tells us that when you do pushups, the floor is pushing back up on you
Newton's 3rd Law
Newton promised he'd never publish his work again after the debacle involving which of his discoveries?
white light is a combination of all other colors of light
type of reasoning where you take two general proposition and apply them to a specific scenario
deductive reasoning
things we can say about nature from observation or experimentations, which are true as far as we know
scientific facts
this scientist built a castle to study the stars
Tycho Brahe
A magician pulls the tablecloth out from under a full set of dishes without sending them flying up in the air. which of Newton's laws explains this trick?
Newton's 1st law
the title of the book in which Newton published his laws of motion
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
type of reasoning where you take specific statements (from observation or experiment) and make a general statement
inductive reasoning
two types of divine revelation
1. Special Revelation
2. General Revelation
Kepler discovered that the orbits of planets are this shape
ellipses
which of newton's laws explains why it is more difficult to push a full shopping cart than an empty shopping cart?
Newton's 2nd law
G, the gravitational constant, was derived from this measurement made by Henry Cavendish
the density of the earth
the type of reasoning used by scientists today
both inductive (from observation and experiment) and deductive (applying what is already known to other phenomena)
Mental models which are based on many many facts, and are true as far as we know
theories
in a perfect circle, the distance between the foci is:
zero
All objects exert a gravitational pull on all other objects according to which of Newton's laws?
Law of Universal Gravitation
According to Einstein, what actually causes gravity
the distortion of spacetime by a very large mass
the way things really are (reality as seen by God)
Truth
An informed prediction based on a theory which is testable
Hypothesis
which of Kepler's laws can we use as evidence that planets move faster when they're near the sun, and slower when they're further from the sun?
Law of Areas
What is the purpose of G, the gravitational constant
It allows us to cancel out units on either side of the equation for determining the force of gravity between two objects
The scientific revolution was possible due to which 5 developments in science and society
1. wealthy supporters
2. asking questions which were focused and testable
3, 4. new scientific and mathematical tools
5. communication between scientists/spreading and sharing of knowledge
Three ways we can know Truth
1. Reason
2. Experience
3. Revelation
the method by which scientists develop and reinforce theories
Cycle of Scientific Enterprise
Which of Kepler's laws allows us to determine the amount of time it takes a planet to orbit the sun?
Law of Periods