What is Nursing?
4 Qualifiers of the nursing as a discipline
What is independent, autonomous, academic and scientific?
what do nursing standards serve as evidence of
the standard of care
Wht are the three levels of critical thinking?
what is trademark of the basic/ novice level of thinking
basic/ novice, complex, commitment
concrete, task orientated, habitual action
#1 priority of post op patients
pain management
direct vs indirect care interventions
direct- performed through interactions with pts
indirect- performed away from pt nut on behalf of the pt/ group of pts
Where does nursing occur
& what does it diagnose and treat
Any environment, whenever there is a need for nursing knowledge
Diagnosis and treatment of the human response
the 6 first standards of practice, aka the nursing process
assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, evaluation
when does a nurse reach the complex level of critical thinking? and what is it about?
~2 years after becoming a RN;
involves creative and innovative thinking. ability to analyze a situation and examine choices independently
what are the differences in patient priorities (3 levels)
low- affect future well- being, long term healthcare needs
intermediate- non emergent, non life threatening (ie risk for infection)
high- left untreated will be harmful for pt (ie airway, circulation, safety, pain)
3 types of diagnoses
problem focused, risk for, health promotion (pt expresses readiness to enhance a specific health behavior)
what are some nursing quality indicators
patient falls, pressure ulcers, skill mix, nursing hours per patient day, physical restraint use
what do the nursing standards serve as evidence for?
the standard of care
the 4 ways of knowing
personal- my perspective
empirical- EBP
ethical- moral code
aesthetic- an art, 'aha' moment
Types of Advanced practice RN?
clinical nurse specialist
nurse anesthetist
nurse midwife
nurse practitioner
during an assessment, name 3 topics that are needed for a comprehensive history
physical/ developmental, emotional, intellectual, social, spiritual, review of systems
what is nursing centered around and what does it facilitate?
nursing care is patient- centered and outcome focused
it facilitates positive patient outcomes
3 other standards of professional performance
ethics, education, EBP& Research, Quality of practice, communication, leadership, collaboration, professional practice evaluation, resource utilization, environmental health, culturally congruent practice
how is critical thinking gained?
critical thinking is gained only through experience and an active curiosity toward learning
** critical thinking is the basis of nursing, doing is the outcome of thinking
Types of graduate nurses that are NON- APRNS?
Nursing Education
Forensic Nursing
Nursing Informatics
*Need a minimum of a masters
give me some history on nursing diagnosis, years of NANDA conferences, what is NANDA
NANDA- north American nursing diagnosis association; develops, refines and classifies nursing diagnoses
1973- 1st conference, 80 nursing diagnosis
1980s- ANA added more dx
2000s- 200+ nursing dx
the nursing phenomenon of concern
health
how do we know nursing is a scientific profession (4)?
doctoral/ graduate education is discipline
distinct body of knowledge
distinct college/ schools
bachelors is the minimum education
what are 3 of the critical thinking competencies
interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, self- regulation
3 types of nursing interventions
nurse- initiated: nurse initiated w/o direction (ie turning pt)
healthcare provider- initiated: require an "order"(ie giving meds)
collaborative/ inter- dependent- initiated: skills from minimum 3 healthcare providers (ie weaning a pt off a ventilator)
pt goal- broad statement that describes a desired change in a pt condition, perceptions or behaviors
EO- measurable change in response to the nursing care given: specific & singular, measurable, attainable, realistic, timed