Newton's Laws

First Law

2

Fill in the blanks:

An object in motion will remain in 1. _______________ and an object at rest will remain at 2. __________________ unless acted upon by an outside 3. _____________.

1. motion

2. rest

3. force

2

True or False

A moving object will stop on its own if no force acts on it.

False

2

When the forces acting on an object are ___________________, the object will not experience a change in motion.

Balanced

2

When the forces acting on an object are ___________________, the object will experience a change in motion.

Unbalanced

2

This term describes an object's resistance to a change in motion.

Inertia

Second Law

2

What is the mathematical formula for Newton's Second Law?

Force = mass x acceleration

2

If a car has a mass of 1,000 kg and accelerates at 2 m/s², what is the force exerted?

2,000 N

2

If you double the mass of an object but keep the force the same, what happens to the acceleration?

The acceleration will decrease by half

2

Which object will accelerate faster?

Object 1 has a mass of 1 kg and is pushed with 100 N of force.

Object 2 has a mass of 5 kg and is pushed with 50 N of force.

Object 1 will accelerate faster.

2

________________ is a force that opposes the motion of an object.

Friction

Third Law

2

Fill in the blanks:

For every 1. ________________, there is an 2. _____________ and 3. _______________ reaction.

1. action

2. equal

3. opposite

2

A person is walking on a sidewalk. They push on the ground with their foot. What is the reaction force?

The sidewalk pushing against their foot.

2

A person is playing ping pong. They serve the ping pong ball with their paddle. Identify the action force and the reaction force.

Action Force: Paddle striking the ball.

Reaction Force: Ball pushing against paddle.

2

Logan is sitting in a chair in class. The action force is the downward push of his weight on the chair. What is the reaction force?

The upward force of the chair against Logan.

2

A swimmer pushes water backwards in order to move forwards. Identify the action force and the reaction force.

Action force: Swimmer pushing the water

Reaction force: Water pushing the swimmer

Vocabulary

2

The force that pulls all objects towards Earth.

Gravity

2

A measure of how much matter an object has.

Mass

2

A change in velocity.

Acceleration

2

The total force acting on an object.

Net Force

2

The unit of measurement for force in the metric system.

Newton (N)

Which Law?

2

In a car, seat belts keep passengers safe in the event of stopping suddenly. Which of Newton's Laws best explains this?

Newton's First Law

2

A car company wants to determine how the mass of a car affects the stopping distance. Which of Newton's Laws best explains this?

Newton's Second Law

2

When a baseball player hits a baseball with his bat, the baseball flies in the opposite direction. Which of Newton's Laws best explains this?

Newton's Third Law

2

A book on a table stays in place until someone pushes it. Which of Newton's Laws explains why the book does not move by itself?

Newton's First Law

2

A car accelerates faster when the driver presses the gas pedal harder. Which of Newton's Laws describes the relationship between the force applied to the car and its acceleration?

Newton's Second Law