Grade 3
The child or offshoot of a parent
offspring
A student measured the mass of four identical plants. Every week, the student measured the mass of the plants. After several weeks, he noticed an increasing trend in his data. Where is the majority of the material coming from that helps the plant gain mass?
-Chemicals being added
-Minerals in the leaves
-Pebbles in the soil
-Gases found in the air
Gases found in the air
New substance
Chemical change
These rocks start as super-hot, melted rock called magma (when it's underground) or lava (when it's above ground). When that "liquid fire" cools down, it hardens into _______ rock
igneous
Oceans, rivers, lakes, groundwater under the soil, and even frozen water like glaciers and icebergs.
Hydrosphere
Characteristics that are passed from parent to offspring. This passing of traits happens during reproduction.
Inherited traits
The top layer is a very thin layer called the ______, and it is made of solid rock.
crust
Rusting of Metal
Chemical change
These rocks are made from "leftovers" like sand, mud, pebbles, and even old shells or skeletons. Over millions of years, these pieces settle in layers at the bottom of lakes or oceans and get squeezed together until they turn into solid stone.
Sedimentary Rocks
Beach erosion is an example of an interaction between which of Earth’s systems?
Geosphere and hydrosphere
What characteristics of animals and plants are inherited? Give at least 3
Traits can be inherited by the offspring of both plants and animals. The color of a flower is a trait passed from parents to offspring. Eye color and fur color can be passed on, too. The size and shape of a body are also traits passed from parents to offspring. Other inherited traits include characteristics such as fins on a fish or stripes on a tiger. A plant can inherit the shape of its flower, the number and pattern of its petals, and the size of its leaves.
Below the crust is the thick layer of molten (or melted) rock called the ______. It is not an actual liquid, but it can move and shift around very slowly.
mantle
Dissolving sugar
Physical change
These are rocks that have been changed. When igneous or sedimentary rocks get buried deep underground, the intense heat and pressure (but not enough to melt them!) squeezes and "bakes" them into a brand new type of rock.
Metamorphic Rocks
Humans, animals, plants, and tiny germs (microorganisms) that are too small to see without a microscope.
biosphere
Differences in traits, such as petal color or fur pattern, are called _________.
Variations
The solid crust is broken up into large chunks, called __________. These plates float on top of the mantle.
tectonic plates
when you combine raisins, nuts, and chocolate candies, you produce a ________.
mixture
4 types/location of fresh water
Glaciers, Underground, surface water, water vapor
How does an animal breathing in and out help the ecosystem?
The release of carbon dioxide helps plants make their food.
Tiger offspring resemble their parents in having four legs and stripes. Resemble means their traits are the _______.
same
This layer is made of melted metals, mostly iron and nickel. It is so hot that the metal stays in a liquid form, like a soup of melted gold. Because this liquid moves around, it creates a "magnetic shield" around Earth that protects us from space radiation.
Outer core
No matter what changes happen, the total weight of the matter does not change. This is because the amount of matter is conserved, or remains the same, even through changes of state.
true or false?
True
Rocks, minerals, mountains, sand, and the hot, melted rock deep inside the Earth.
Geosphere
Why do meteors that get close to Earth’s orbit fall to the surface?
Gravity pulls them down to Earth’s surface
Where do animals get the energy needed to perform daily activities, including growth and body repair?
Organisms they eat
The inner core is a solid metal ball at the very center of the Earth. Even though it is the hottest part of the planet (hotter than the surface of the sun!), it stays solid because the weight of the rest of the Earth is squeezing it so hard it can't melt.
Inner core
A student places 100 grams of water and 50 grams of ice into a beaker. Which of the following is the best prediction for the mass of the contents of the beaker after the ice has melted into the water?
150 grams
The closest star
the sun
Give an example of an interaction between the biosphere and geosphere.
Answer may vary.
Offspring get traits such as height and petal shape from their____________.
parents
Sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement deep within the Earth's outermost layer
Earthquake
A student has a dish with a mass of 72 grams. The student places 12 grams of butter in the dish and melts the butter. Which of the following best describes the mass of the dish and butter together before and after the melting?
Before: 84 g, After 84 g
The process that pulls up liquids into the air.
Evaporation
A student wanted to design an experiment to show that a new substance would form when two substances were mixed together. Which two ingredients would show this result?
Ice and water
Sugar and tea
Lemon juice and milk
Salt and pepper
Lemon juice and milk