Cardiology
This arrhythmia causes an irregularly irregular rhythm and increases stroke risk via left atrial appendage thrombus
Atrial Fibrillation
Which bacteria is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
This antibiotic is first-line for uncomplicated C. diff
Oral Vancomycin
Metabolic Acidosis
A patient with acute focal neurologic deficit and normal head CT should undergo this next study.
MR Brain with diffusion-weighted imaging
ST elevation in leads II, III, aVF suggests infarction of which coronary artery
COPD is a lung disease defined by what post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio?
<0.70
What LFT ratio is suggestive of alcoholic liver disease?
AST:ALT >2
Which protein causes the tubular injury seen in rhabdomyolysis?
What type of crystals are seen in pseudogout?
CCPD (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate)
- ACE-inhibitors/ARBs/ARNI
- SGLT2 inhibitors
- MRAs
- Beta-blocker
- pleural fluid/serum protein ratio >0.5
- pleural fluid/serum LDH ratio >0.6
- pleural fluid LDH >2/3 of upper limit of normal
The first medication that should be started in suspected variceal bleeding, even before endoscopy?
Vasoactive drugs (somatostatin, terlipressin, or octreotide)
Detail the two lab abnormality criteria that defines an AKI
- rise in creatinine > 0.3 mg/dL
- or > 1.5x baseline
____ LDH and _____ haptoglobin strongly support a diagnosis of hemolytic anemia
1. elevated
2. low
Which medications are contraindicated in AFib with RVR in patients with decompensated HFrEF?
- CCBs, BBs
A patient develops sudden hypoxia and hypotension after central line placement. What complication does this suggest?
Tension pneumothorax
Why do we give aggressive fluids in acute pancreatitis?
Prevention of pancreatic hypoperfusion and necrosis
Which medication is used to protect the heart during hyperkalemia?
IV calcium gluconate
A patient with new-onset seizure, fever, and temporal lobe abnormalities on MRI should receive this empiric therapy immediately
IV Acyclovir (concern for Herpes Simplex Encephalitis)
What mechanical complication shortly after MI can cause acute pulmonary edema and hypotension
Papillary muscle rupture -> severe mitral regurgitation
Which antibiotic cannot be used in MRSA pneumonia and why?
2. Inactivated by lung surfactant
What is Type 3C Diabetes?
Thiazide diuretic mechanism of action is inhibiting the ____ symporter in the ____ tubule of the kidney
1. Na+/Cl-
2. distal
A patient on chronic steroids with acute hip pain and normal XR should be evaluated for this diagnosis
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head