Sources of Power and Authority
The name of Nigeria's film industry.
What is Nollywood?
BONUS:
What three countries (in order) produce the most films per year?
Nigeria's state institutions have been weakened by what? ______________ (This has also impeded the work of INEC and prevented equitable distribution of benefits from oil).
What is corruption?
True or False
Nigeria's president is directly elected and serves as both head of state and head of government.
What is TRUE?
True or False.
There is a two term limit for Nigeria presidents-- each term comprising of five years.
What is FALSE? (four year terms, times 2)
Describe a human rights violation that the Nigerian government has been accused of (despite protections in the constitution).
What is detention of human rights activists, journalists, and others who criticize the government; detention of child soldiers who were suspected of being Boko Haram members; and discrimination and denial of civil liberties for members of the LGBQT community?
By 1974, Nigerian oil exports were over 80%, making it what kind of a state? (making it dependent on the global oil market for political and economic survival).
What is a rentier state?
Name the civil war that divided Nigeria from 1967-1970.
What is the Biafran War?
RECOMMENDATION: Watch the Nigerian movie, Half of a Yellow Sun.
Describe one way British colonization has impeded Nigerian development since the 19th century (beyond colonial rule itself).
What is creation of borders without regard for religious, ethnic and linguistic diversity and differing rules for ruling between north and south?
More than 90 parties registered with INEC in 2019 but INEC deregistered most of those due to poor performance. There are now @9 parties. SMD systems for electing the legislature often result in what type of parties where two parties emerge with ideologically diverse, middle of the road positions in order to capture as many voters as possible.
What is a catch-all party?
BONUS:
Nigeria now has an established two party system where the tradition (not the law) had been to alternate each presidency between __________
Name the upper house and explain its composition.
What is the Senate comprised of 109 members (three from each state) and one from the Federal Capital territory of Abuja?
BONUS:
How many legislators does the House of Representatives have?
Identify the name of Nigeria's election oversight organization.
What is INEC (Independent National Electoral Commission)?
BONUS:
What is the name of Mexico's equivalent organization?
Name two factors why women are underrepresented in elected positions.
What is patriarchal society, stigma of corruption, low literacy rates, women in poverty struggle to take care of family and a job, face hate speech and political violence if run for office, and / or struggle to raise funds?
In the mid 1980s, in order to receive a loan from the IMF, Nigeria had to adopt economic liberalization policies. This is known as what kind of a program?
What is the Structural Adjustment Program?
BONUS:
Describe one economic liberalization policy.
What is: power to submit a budget, propose a program of legislation, sign bills into law, appoints cabinet heads (with Senate approval), oversees federal bureaucracy, commander in chief of military, chief diplomat (power to negotiate treaties (with approval of National Assembly), and appoints justices to the Supreme Court (confirmation in the Senate)?
What is Six?
All groups not controlled by the government, including interest groups.
What is civil society?
BONUS:
What is an example of an interest group in Nigeria?
The role of the National Judicial Council is to ________.
What is insulate the judiciary from political pressures and recommend justices that the President could nominate (which then have to be approved by the Senate)? (such as had existed under military rule).
Fill in the blanks.
The President in Nigeria is directly elected through a _____________ of the vote and must receive ____ % of the votes in _________ of the states. If no candidate meets this requirement, then a second round election is held between the top ______ vote-getters.
What is plurality, 25%, 2/3, two?
Approximately how many ethnic groups are there in Nigeria?
What is 250?
BONUS Qs:
Name the three largest groups.
What is the official language?
How many other languages are spoken?
Nigerians have responded to economic challenges by going into business for themselves, leading the world in _________.
What is entrepreneurship?
The name of the outgoing party that had been in place since 1999 with the beginning of the Fourth Republic of Nigeria.
The name of the legal system based on principles derived from Islam.
What is sharia law?
Name two critiques of SMD systems.
What is many votes are wasted since the winning candidate does not represent the views of the voters who did not vote for her (especially in multi-party systems) and they overrepresent major parties?
Describe a circumstance in Nigeria when executive power has been checked and democratization has been furthered.
What is President Obasanjo's attempt to gain a third term-- a move that was defeated in Senate despite attempts to bribe the legislators ($500 million!) and then Obasanjo accepted the result. OR
What is when Yar "Adua was ill and the National Assembly declared him incapacitated and appointed the VP (Goodluck Jonathan) per the Constitution?
The current ruling party of Nigeria (since 2015) is ________________.
What is the All Progressives Congress (APC)?
BONUS: What did the outgoing president in 2015 (Goodluck Jonathan) do that was a milestone in Nigerian politics when Buhari won the election?
Name three things that hinder democratization in Nigeria.
What is:
Underrepresentation of women in gov't
Gov't officials guilty of human rights violations and corruption
Cleavages within society
Explain the connection between girls education and fertility rates.
What is keeping girls in school longer, and including contraception education but also job training would postpone marriage, lowering fertility rates?
Provide a reason to be Pessimistic about Nigeria's future.
What is Corruption, Boko Haram, ethnic and religious cleavages, democratic backsliding in elections, oil dependency...?
Describe the Federal Character Principle and how Nigeria's ethnically based federalism complicates this.
What is a policy that aims to prevent a few major ethnic groups from gaining control of the national government and to make sure that every state has a fair share of power in the national government therefore this is reflected in the hiring for government jobs? (but states are constantly competing for funding since each has little control over infrastructure and resources....)
A group that has a loosely defined organizational structure and seeks major socio-economic or political change through collective action.
What is a social movement?
What is the National Assembly?
BONUS:
Describe the building where both houses meet.
What city is it in?
Social movements seek to influence government policies. In addition to MEND, what is the name of the other organization based in the Niger River Delta that represents the Ogoni people.
What is the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP)?
BONUS: What leader of MOSOP was hung by the Nigerian government in 1995?
Boko Haram translates into English to mean what...
What is "Western education is sinful"?
BONUS:
What is the name of the town where 276 secondary school girls were kidnapped from in 2014?
Name a problem with the Nigerian National Health Insurance Scheme.
What is most people do not use the system and without health insurance? Only 16% use it and in rural areas even less. Most pay for health care out of pocket.
BONUS: What is the larger problem associated with how Nigeria spends its money on Social Programs?
Provide a reason to be hopeful about Nigeria's future.
What is seven democratic elections since 1999 where power has peacefully changed hands, creation of independent election commission, a healthy civil society, slow diversification of the economy away from just oil, Nigerian's entrepreneurial spirit, increasing programs for girls education...?