Definitions 1
Definitions 2
Questions
Questions
NJ ASK Practice
100
What is deductive reasoning?
A type of thinking that starts with an assumption and then reaches conclusions based on that assumption.
100
What is an observation?
Info gathered by the senses or through measurement.
100
For centuries people who studied nature were called natural philosophers. In the mid-1900 century, the word scientist was invented for such people. Suggest why the name changed.
Natural philosophers were no more adequate.
100
Issac Newton investigated gravity because he was curious about it. Name a technology that has been benefited from Newton's work on gravity.
Rockets and satellites.
100
Engineers need to determine both the positive and negative effects of a new technology. What process do engineers use to determine both the positive and the negative effects?
A risk-benefit analysis
200
What is inductive reasoning?
The process of reaching conclusions based on observations and experiments
200
What is risk-benefit analysis?
A study that examines the risks and benefits that a technology might bring to individual humans, society, and the natural environment.
200
Aristotle claimed that heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones. How would you test this claim.
Dropping 2 objects with different weights at the same elevation and seeing which reaches the ground first.
200
The microscope was invented at around the same time as the telescope. Name 1 scientific discovery that was not possible until the invention of the microscope.
Microscopic forms such as cells.
200
Scientists say that the sun appears to move in the sky because the earth is rotating on its axis. This is an example of...
An explanation
300
What is science?
Where scientists investigate the natural world to detect its underline patterns and learn the rules by which it works.
300
What is a description?
An accurate account of an event or process.
300
Give one example from the past few centuries in which some kind of authority has influenced scientific research or thought, positively or negatively.
Ptolemy's Almagest tried to predict the motions of the planets, but his basic assumption- that the Earth was motionless and at the center of the universe-was incorrect.
300
Write the technology your group chose to discuss.
An Airbag. Risk: Sufricating Benefit: Saves your life.
300
Which sentence best summarizes why scientific knowledge changes over time?
Science must explain new observations that challenge existing theories
400
What is technology?
Where technologists use the knowledge gained through scientific investigations to make products that meet the needs and the wants of a society.
400
What is an explanation?
An account that tells why or how an event or process happened.
400
Nicholas Copernicus, a polish priest in astronomy, published "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Orbs" in 1543. The book argued that the motions of the planets can be better explained by assuming that Earth was a planet that orbited the sun. State 2 reasons that most people rejected this claim.
1. The sun appeared to move in the sky everyday. 2. People thought that Earth was in the center of the universe .
400
Name a scientist with his book.
Vesalius- On the Fabric of the Human Body.
400
Engineers perform risk-benefit analyses of technologies. Which of the following is a benefit of wind power?
It does not emit hydrocarbons
500
What is society?
A group of people who share a set of political, economic, and cultural institutions.
500
What is an inference?
A conclusion reached by using what we have observed and what we think to be true.
500
Popular culture often dipicts scientists or technologists as having special rules in modern society. Describe 1 special rule that popular culture assumes that scientists or technologists have in modern society.
They have a lot of knowledge and have the tools to improve human life.
500
Name a scientist and his idea.
Aristotle- heavy and light objects fall at the same rates of speed.
500
Which of the following correctly matches the person with his idea?
Aristotle - Heavy and light objects fall at the same rates of speed
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