Definitions 1
Definitions 2
Questions 1
Questions 2/ NJ Ask Prep 1
NJ Ask Prep 2
100
What is an atom? What is a molecule? What is a proton? What is an element?
An atom is the smallest particle of an element; the building block of matter. A molecule is the smallest part of a substance that is made up of two or more atoms. A proton is a positively charged particle in an atoms nucleolus. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down by simple chemical and physical processes.
100
What is concentration?
Concentration is the relative amount of a material in a given area, volume, or other substances. Conservation of matter is the physical law stating that matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions; thus, the number of particles before and after a reaction is equal.
100
Is ice melting a physical or chemical change?
Physical.
100
Use the periodic table on page 99 of the NJ ASK Buckle Down to name two other metals than lithium that probably tarnish quickly in the air. Name two elements other than chlorine that are likely to form molecules with sodium. On page 101 of the NJ ASK Buckle Down, identify the molecules on each. Then if they are metal or nonmetal.
Two metals other than metals than lithium that probably tarnish quickly in the air are sodium and potassium. Two elements other than chlorine that are likely to form molecules with sodium are fluorine and lithium and iodine and rubidium. Lif is a metal and nonmetal,N2 are both nonmetals, MgL2 is a metal and nonmetal, Cl2 is a nonmetal.
100
A certain molecule has a ratio of atom X for every two atoms Y. Suppose a sample of element X and a sample of element Y react to form exactly 1 kg of XY2 with no reactants left over. Which of the following could be the amounts of X and Y in the reaction?
You could have 200 g of X and 800 g of Y
200
What is an atomic number? What is noble gas?
An atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleolus. Noble gas is a gas that rarely reacts with other elements; helium, neon, argon, xenon, and krypton.
200
What does endothermic mean? What does exothermic mean?
Endothermic is a type of chemical change that absorbs heat energy from the surroundings. Exothermic is a type of chemical change that releases heat energy to the surroundings.
200
When you eat food, a chemical reaction takes place in your stomach. Identify some of the reactants and the products in this reaction. Most first-aid kits have chemical-filled packets that, when squeezed, grow very cold. Is this chemical reaction in such a packet endothermic or exothermic, explain.
Some reactants include the food eaten, saliva in the mouth, stomach acids. Some products include anything that the body produces formed chemically altering the food. It is an endothermic reaction because it absorbs heat. When you put the ice back on the skin it will pull heat energy from your body and feel cold.
200
On page 102 of the NJ ASK Buckle Down, describe a process for separating out the parts.
For part A, use a strainer to separate them. For B, use a strainer and then pick out the marbles. For part C heat the water and pick out the marbles.
200
Is an iron bridge turning browning-red over the years a physical or chemical change?
An iron bridge turning browning-red over the years is a chemical change
300
What is a chemical change? What is a chemical formula? What are chemical properties? What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical change is a reaction between substances that results in new substances with different chemical properties being formed. A chemical formula is letters and numbers that tell the types and numbers of atoms in a single molecule. Chemical properties are the characteristics of a substance that describe what will happen when it interacts with other substances. A chemical reaction is the process in which the physical and chemical properties of substances are changed into different substances that have their own physical and chemical properties.
300
What is a metal? What is a nonmetal? What is a metalloid?
A metal is any element on the left side of the periodic table except for hydrogen; metals are typically good conductors. A nonmetal is an element that lacks the characteristics of a metal; the elements on the right side of the periodic table. A metalloid is an element with properties of both a metal and nonmetal.
300
A fuel is burned in an airplane, it seems to disappear from the tank, suggesting that matter is destroyed during the reaction. Explain why this is not true, and describe where the matter goes.
Matter is neither created or destroyed in chemical reactions. The fuel is converted into gas, which escaped into the atmosphere.
300
Refer to page 99 on the NJ ASK Buckle Down review. Which of the following correctly compares the elements on the right side of the periodic table with the elements on the left sides.
The elements on the left side of the periodic table have lower melting points than the elements on the right side.
300
What is the best equipment to separate a mixture of sand and sugar? Filter paper, water, and beakers magnet and hydrochloric acid graduated cylinder and gram balance microscope, slide, and cover slip
The best equipment to separate a mixture of sand and sugar is a filter paper, water, and beakers
400
What is a compound? What is a mixture? What is a solution?
A compound is a chemical substance that is made up of two or more different kinds of atoms that are bonded together. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which the chemical properties of the substances do not change. A solution is a mixture in which a solute is dissolved by a solvent. An example of this is salt water and sugar water.
400
What is a periodic table? What is a product?
A periodic table is a visual representation of all elements arranged in increasing atomic number and grouped according to similar properties. A product is one of the substances formed from a chemical reaction.
400
A molecule of hydrogen peroxide has once more oxygen atom than a molecule of water. What is the chemical formula of hydrogen peroxide? Propane has a chemical formula C^3H^8. How many hydrogen and carbon atoms are in a molecule of propane? Referring to the diagram on page 98 in the NJ Ask Buckle Down Workbook, how many hydrogen and oxygen atoms exists before and after the reaction.
H^2O^2 3 carbon and 8 hydrogen 8 hydrogen & 4 oxygen and 8 hydrogen & 4 oxygen
400
Which of the following is a property of fluorine (F)? Good conductor of electricity and heat Gas at room temperature Can be drawn into wires It is shiny
A property of fluorine is that is a gas at room temperature
400
Five molecules of methane contain carbon atoms and 20 hydrogen atoms. What is the chemical formula of methane?
The chemical formula for methane is CH4
500
What is indication? What is saturation?
Indication is evidence that a chemical reaction is occurring. Saturation is the point at which no more of a material can be dissolved in a solution.
500
What is a reactant? What is reactivity?
A reactant is one of the original substances in a chemical reaction. Reactivity is the tendency (or lack thereof) of an element to react with other elements to produce compounds.
500
What four elements have chemical properties most similar to those of fluorine in column VII A? Use the periodic table to find out the name of the element that goes with each symbol. Then sate weather the element is a metal, a metalloid, or a nonmetal. (Ag, P, Li, Te, I)
Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine Ag=silver;metal, P=Phosphors;nonmetal, Te=Talerlum;metalloide, L=Iodine;nonmetal
500
Which elements is least likely to combine with another element to form a molecule? Chlorine (Cl) Iron (Fe) Neon (Ne) silicon (Si)
Iron is least likely to combine with another element and form a new molecule
500
Dr.Halite combined sodium metal with chlorine gas to make sodium chloride. The chemical reaction used up all of the metal and all of the gas. If he used 116 g of table salt and 68 g of chlorine gas, how many grams of sodium metal did he start with?
He started with 48 grams of sodium. This is because matter can't be created or destroyed so the amounts would be the same
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