Abnormal Psychology
To discriminate, to separate, or to educate: it’s the best way to minimize stigma.
What is to educate?
Know sources of positive and negative sources of stigma and how to deal with it systemically.
It’s the salt primarily used to treat bipolar disorders.
What is lithium?
Know the medications that are the most common treatments for the disorders discussed in class.
It’s the persuasion technique defined by initially making a small request and then using an affirmative response as an entrée into requesting something larger—your actual request.
What is the foot-in-the-door technique?
Know FitD vs. DitF.
It’s the final type of memory store that is assumed to be both infinite and indefinite.
What is long-term memory?
Know the differences between the three different memory stores.
Containing beta waves, it's the stage of sleep that is--paradoxically--most like wakefulness.
What is REM?
Know the stages of sleep, their EEG wave types, how they oscillate over the course of the night, and how they compare to wakefulness.
It’s the full name of the resource manual that contains every current mental health diagnosis, their symptomological criteria, and their prevalence rates.
What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (of Mental Disorders)?
Know the DSM-5-TR as the latest edition, what it contains, at how it works.
It’s the most important aspect of any medical treatment that determines if the treatment will be successful.
What is rapport (or therapeutic alliance)?
Know the definition of rapport/therapeutic alliance and how it affects treatment.
It’s the effect of groups seeking out others like them, thus separating themselves from others dissimilar, and then the group’s views growing increasingly divergent from other groups.
What is group polarization?
It’s the type of amnesia associated with difficulty retrieving long-term memories of things in the past (from before an incident) from the cells of the hippocampus.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Know retrograde vs. anterograde amnesia.
They're the type of tests that test a specific construct, usually if you have the potential to do well at a certain task or in a certain field.
What is an aptitude test?
Know aptitude vs. achievement vs. intelligence tests.
They’re the normally present and adaptive behaviors that are now absent during an active illness of schizophrenia.
What are negative symptoms?
Know positive vs. negative symptoms and what defines each.
It’s the humanistic therapy that is based in providing a setting of unconditional positive regard for the patient to be able to find their own solutions to their problems.
What is client- (or patient-) centered therapy?
Know the primary psychotherapy modalities discussed in class (psychoanalysis, behavioral, CBT, humanistic/CCT).
It’s the effect caused by being in a group and the membership of the group—an audience of sorts—improving the performance of each individual out of an effort to try to impress each other.
What is social facilitation?
Know social facilitation vs. social loafing.
It’s the type of memory of a big, maybe even traumatic event, that—even though we become increasingly confident in our recall—are just as prone to error as any other memory.
What is a flashbulb memory?
It's the schedule of reinforcement found in red-light cameras and, as research shows, the most effective schedule as to punishment.
What is a continuous schedule of reinforcement?
It’s the mood disorder that is consistent with the highest number (yet not the highest proportion) of deaths by suicide.
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
Know MDD vs. Bipolar Disorder and correct/incorrect terms for death by suicide.
They’re the type of applied psychologist in a few States and the Department of Defense who—after receiving a PhD and practicing—also graduates from a medical program to be able to manage medications through a scientific-research lens.
What is a medical psychologist?
Know the differences in between mental health professionals (important for the final as well).
Built on discrimination, prejudice, and oppression, it’s the singling out of a small group and attributing blame for a larger group’s negative experiences.
What is scapegoating?
It’s the effect of later memories interfering with previous memories and can be exemplified by priming respondents with a particular phrasing of a question.
What is the misinformation effect?
It's the final of four Piagetian stages, in which abstract and hypothetical thinking becomes possible.
What is formal operational?
Know the four stages, in order, and what corresponds to each stage.
It’s the personality disorder characterized by a pathological extreme shallowness, emotional immaturity, and use of flirtation and flattery as a way of meeting the need to be the center of attention.
What is Histrionic Personality Disorder?
Know the PDs discussed in class (Narcissistic, Borderline, Histrionic, Antisocial).
It’s the principle that states physical activity and engaging in activities a person finds enjoyable boosts serotonin as much as some treatment types.
What is the behavioral activation principle?
It’s the final requisite factor—in addition to discrimination and prejudice—that defines oppressive thoughts, attitudes, or behaviors (such as sexism, racism, heterosexism, etc.).
What is power?
Containing both primacy and recency effects, it’s the effect that causes differences in our memory and recall based on the order in which stimuli was presented, learned, or studied.
What is the serial-position effect?
It's the objective measure of 567 true/false questions that--unlike most other tests--can be used to measure both normal and abnormal (pathological) personality traits and functioning.
What is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)?
Know objective vs. projective tests and the differences between the MMPI and the NEO-PI-R.