A
the study of the universe
astronomy
Spanish word meaning conqueror
conquistador
A Spanish colonial policy that granted land and the Indians living on it to Spanish soldiers and colonists as a reward for service
encomienda
A widespread outbreak of a contagious disease
epidemic
A contagious and often deadly disease characterized by a high fever and large sores on the skin that leave scars
smallpox
A payment or gift given to show respect
Tribute
To force someone to leave
banish
a steep cliff
bluff
a colonial ruler appointed by the king
an irrigation canal
acequia
a town council during Spanish colonial times
cabildo
an item that is produced from raw materials (natural resources)
manufactured good
a “ditch boss”, or a manager of the acequia
mayordomo
a military fort
presidio
a person who flees from a place because of war
refugee
members of the town council (cabildo)
regidores
logs used as ceiling beams cut from tall trees in the mountains
vigas
Apaches left up the _________ that they built so that they could return to them the next season
wickiups
Navajo Shaman made sand paintings to help cure sick tribal members
sand paintings
The Four Corners consists of ________, ________, _________, and _________.
Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico
Name the four NM provinces
Colorado Plateau, Great Plains, Basin and Range, and Rocky Mountains
By the 1400s millions of Indians lived in the Western Hemisphere. Which three groups lived in what is now New Mexico?
Apache, Navajo, and Pueblo
Having control of global trade brought great ___________ to many nations
wealth
Nations that had control of trade made it possible for them to have huge __________ and ___________. These made it easier to take over other countries and nations.
armies and navies
What trade route did traders take to get to the items they wanted from Asia?
Silk Road
Christopher Columbus asked King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to finance (pay for) a voyage to find a new water route to ________.
Asia
What religion did Columbus promise the king and queen that he would convert the people to?
Catholic
When Columbus finally reached land, he thought he had arrived in ________.
Asia
Columbus claimed all the land, people, and wealth he discovered for ________
Spain
What three things were conquistadors in search of when they sailed to America (the 3 Gs)?
God, Gold, and Glory
Name the two famous conquistadors that made their way to the Americas directly after Columbus's voyages?
Francisco Pizarro and Hernan Cortes
Hernan Cortes led expeditions to islands in the _____________ Sea
Caribbean
Cortes had heard stories of ________ and other riches in land farther way.
gold
When Cortes and his men arrived at the Yucatan Peninsula he found the ____________ people living there in the area.
Mayan
In 1591, what country did Francisco Pizarro arrive at?
Peru
The Incan emperor and the Incans refused to accept the religion of ______________ and pledge loyalty to __________
Christianity and loyalty to Spain
What did Pizarro and his men do to the Incan emperor after they were given gold for his release
they killed him
Pizarro and his men developed a new capital that was named ___________
Lima
Because the new capital in Peru was along the coastline, it made it ___________ (easier or tougher) to control
easier
What inspired Francisco Pizarro to sail to the Americas?
gold and riches