Cardiac
Caused by acute blood loss due to placental abruption, cord tethering, uterine rupture, placental insufficiency, knot in the cord, or a prolapsed cord.
What is hypovolemic shock?
This condition is characterized by tachypnea, mild increased work of breathing, and the ability to maintain O2 saturations WNL without supplemental O2.
What is mild RDS?
Newborns may experience this as a response to maternal medications or substance use during pregnancy.
What is NOWS/NAS?
The thermal environment in which the newborn is consuming the least amount of oxygen and has reduced metabolic needs.
What is a neutral thermal environment?
A pathologic condition of the fetus in which length, weight and OFC are below the expected in utero growth rate.
What is intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?
These 4 cardiopulmonary adaptations occur immediately after birth, allowing the newborn to transition successfully to extra-uterine life.
Closure of the foramen ovale
Functional closure of the ductus arteriosus
Decrease in pulmonary pressure
Increase in systemic pressure
This condition is marked by tachypnea, increased work of breathing, and the need for supplemental O2.
What is moderate RDS?
An LGA newborn who is born to a mother with poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy is at an increased risk for this complication.
What is birth trauma (shoulder dystocia, fractures, nerve damage, excessive bruising)?
Heat loss due to vaporization of water from the skin.
What is evaporative heat loss?
Even though the production of these 3 essential components starts early in pregnancy, it is only in the 3rd trimester that adequate amounts needed for survival are stored in the organs.
What are surfactant (lungs), glycogen (liver) and brown fat (surrounding the adrenals, over the liver and the axillae)?
This action (performed 60 seconds after birth) and this newborn response prompt the cardiopulmonary changes at delivery.
What are clamping of the umbilical cord and breathing/crying ?
This condition is characterized by increased work of breathing and difficulty maintaining oxygenation, despite significant amounts of supplemental oxygen.
What is severe RDS?
This maternal condition may result in a macrosomic newborn, shoulder dystocia/birth trauma, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and potential congenital malformations.
What is gestational diabetes?
This condition is common in preterm newborns, newborns with congenital anomalies with exposed internal organs and newborns who are stressed or compromised during labor/delivery.
What is hypothermia?
This organ is responsible for gas exchange in utero.
What is the placenta?
This newborn screening is completed close to discharge (a minimum of 24 hours of life) to identify a potential cardiac condition.
What is critical congenital heart defect screening?
This condition, which may be caused by excessive pressure during bag/mask ventilation, is characterized by increased work of breathing, diminished lung sounds and asymmetrical chest movement.
What is a pneumothorax?
This maternal complication can affect fetal outcomes due to placental insufficiency from vasoconstriction, often resulting in growth restriction, low birth weight, abruption, and preterm birth.
What is maternal hypertension?
This type of heat loss is caused by air currents or drafts.
What is convection?
This fetal heart rate category is characterized by absent baseline variability and any of the following: recurrent late decelerations, recurrent variable decelerations, bradycardia or a sinusoidal pattern.
What is Category III FHR?
The failure to transition from a state of high pulmonary pressures in utero to a normal systemic blood pressure and low pulmonary pressures after birth may result in this potentially critical newborn condition.
What is Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN)?
The production of this component starts around 20 weeks' gestation and is at a sufficient quantity to support extra-uterine life by 34 weeks' gestation.
What is surfactant?
An infection of the chorion, amnion, and amniotic fluid.
What is chorioamnionitis?
An important mechanism used to generate heat in the term/near term newborn.
What is brown fat metabolism?
This is the minimum target blood glucose for a newborn at 3 hours of life.
What is 40?