Fractures
A posterior rib fracture in an infant is highly specific for this diagnosis.
What is nonaccidental trauma (child abuse)?
Bruising in this region of the body in a preambulatory infant is most concerning for abuse
What is the torso, ears, or neck?
This triad (subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhages, and encephalopathy) is classically associated with this.
What is shaken baby syndrome (abusive head trauma)?
The appropriate next step when NAT is suspected.
What is reporting to child protective services (CPS)?
This type of history discrepancy is one of the strongest indicators of abuse.
Inconsistent stories with the child’s developmental abilities/injury pattern?
The most common long bone fracture seen in child abuse.
What is a spiral fracture of the humerus or femur?
The “TEN-4” rule indicates bruising concerning for abuse in these locations or age group.
What is Torso, Ears, Neck, or any bruise on a child <4 months?
The most common intracranial bleed seen in abusive head trauma
What is a subdural hematoma?
Imaging test to identify occult fractures in children under 2 years old.
What is a skeletal survey?
Delay in seeking care after injury suggests this.
What is caregiver neglect or concealment of abuse?