Forces Basics
Classifying Forces
Gravity
Magnetism
Electric Forces
Atoms and Ions
100
In this picture, the bowling ball is _____, while the pins are ______. When the bowling ball hits the pins, the pins will be ________.
In Motion
Still
In Motion
100
Why do scientists classify forces?
To make them easier to study
100
One time we see the effects of Gravity is during the Water Cycle. Give an example.
Gravity pulls rain back to Earth's surface.
Gravity pulls groundwater deep into the soil.
100
Only _____ objects can be affected by magnets. For example, ______ can be affected by magnets, but _____ cannot.
Metal
- Aluminum cans, screws, nails, staples, compasses
- Candy, clothes, erasers, pencil lead,
100
Objects can become _______ charged when they gain or lose _______.
Temporarily charged
Electrons
100
All objects are made of matter.
All matter is made of atoms.
So, _____.
All objects are made of atoms.
200
The man is _____ the rock so it moves _______, but _____ the rope so it moves _______.
Pushing; Away from Him
Pulling; Towards him
200
Scientists classify forces into ______ or _______ based on _________.
Contact
Non-contact
Whether they require the objects to touch
200
When we jump, we pull back on the Earth.
Why doesn't the Earth move to meet us?
The Earth's mass is too high (or our force is too weak).
200
These two magnets will ______ because _________.
Repel because their poles are matching
200
The hair is _______ to the balloon because ______.
Attracted
The hair is positive while the balloon is negative
200
How can scientists see atoms? _________
In the classroom, we can't see atoms, so we have to make _____ to learn about their properties.
By using the world's strongest microscopes
Inferences
300
The tall boy exerts a stronger force because _____.
The tall boy exerts a stronger force so ______.
- He is bigger/stronger/has more mass.
- The ball will move faster/farther.
300
One example of a contact force is _______, but one example of a non-contact force is _______.
- Pushing a box, picking up an object, tug-of-war, pulling a sled, etc.
- Gravity, magnetism, electric forces
300
If we travel to Mars, our ____ will stay the same, but our ____ will change.
Mass
Weight
300
The Ancient _____ invented the ______ to help humans _______ using Earth's magnetic field. Birds don't need this tool because _______.
Chinese
Compass
Navigate
They can see the magnetic field.
300
What is happening here?
The sock and sweater rubbed together in the dryer. Electrons were transferred from the sweater to the sock, making one positive and one negative. Now, the temporarily charged clothes attract each other.
300
Name the particles in the picture and describe their charge.
Orange - Protons - Positive
Blue - Electrons - Negative
Green - Neutrons - No Charge
400
You throw these balls with an equal force.
The _____ will move farther because _________.
The basketball will move farther because it has less mass.
400
Magnetism, Electric Forces, and Gravity are all examples of ________ forces because _________.
They can create a ________, which only affects objects that are ______ of it.
Non-contact forces because they act across a distance.
Field, Inside
400
Two factors that affect Gravity's pull are ___ and ____.
Gravity increases when ______, but decreases when ____.
Mass and Distance
Objects are close and heavy
Objects are far and light
400
Earth has a magnetic field because _________.
Earth has a magnetic field so ________.
Because the liquid metal in the Outer Core is moving.
So, compasses can be used to help humans navigate.
400
Static shock and lightning are similar because _______.
Static shock and lightning are different because ______.
Similar - both involve the quick transfer of electrons; both can be painful
Different - Lightning is much more powerful; Static shock happens over a much smaller distance
400
Atoms prefer to be ______, which means they have an equal number of ______ and ______.
When they gain or lose an ________, they become a charged particle called an ________.
Neutral
Protons and Electrons
Electrons
Ion
500
A train and a bike are about to collide.
Which one will be easier to turn?
The bike will be easier to turn because it has less mass.
500
In this picture, Star Wars' Yoda uses "the force" to close a door far away. This is an example of a _____ force because ________.
In real life, to close a door, the force we use to close a door is _______ because _________.
Non-contact force because he doesn't need to touch it.
In real life, we use a contact force because we need to touch the door in order to close it.
500
Jupiter has more gravity than Earth because ____.
Jupiter has more gravity on Earth so ____.
It has a larger mass.
Our weight will be higher there. (Or, we won't be able to jump as high...)
500
One similarity between magnetism and gravity is ______.
One difference between magnetism and gravity is _____.
Similarities - Both non-contact, both act across a distance, both stronger when objects are close together, both create a field
Differences - Magnetism only works on metal objects but gravity works on all objects; Magnetism can attract or repel but gravity can only attract; Birds can see the magnetic field but cannot see the gravitational field.
500
One similarity between electric forces and magnetism is _______.
One difference between electric forces and magnetism is ______.
Similarities - Non-contact, field forces, can attract or repel
Differences - Electric based on charge but magnetism on poles; electric charge is temporary but magnetism is permanent; Any object can become charged, but only metal objects can be affected by magnets.
500
This ion has a ________ charge because _______.
Negative
It has more electrons than protons